Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

36 questions · 56 findings · 6 reviews · Oral and maxillofacial surgery

No studies found 10 · 17.9%GRADE not reported 42 · 75%Very low 1 · 1.8%Low 3 · 5.4%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) status and its oral microbiota (exposure/grouping) vs Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years without CLP (controls)

Lactobacillus spp. salivary/plaque counts (cariogenic microbiota) · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)

A meta-analysis found no significant difference in mean Lactobacillus spp. levels between children with and without CLP, with high heterogeneity; the evidence is ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) status and its oral microbiota (exposure/grouping) vs Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years without CLP (controls)

Streptococcus mutans count · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)

A meta-analysis of 2 studies found no difference in mean Streptococcus mutans levels between children with and without CLP, with very high heterogeneity; the evidence is ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) status and its oral microbiota (exposure/grouping) vs Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years without CLP (controls)

Periodontal conditions (gingival inflammation, bleeding on probing, probing depth, clinical attachment loss) · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)

Narrative synthesis of 6 studies suggests children/adolescents with CLP have poorer periodontal status (higher gingival and plaque indices, deeper probing, more bleeding and attachment loss) and harbor periodontopathogens; no pooled estimate and the evidence is ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Resorbable (bioresorbable) plates or screws for fixation vs Titanium plates or screws for fixation

Exposure of the plate (adverse effect) · Adults (>16 years old) undergoing orthognathic surgery
1 finding from 1 review
  • Resorbable versus titanium plates for orthognathic surgery 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Up to 3 years postoperatively
    Both titanium and resorbable groups experienced two plate exposures which occurred between the third and ninth month, with plate exposure rates of 1.02% for the titanium group and 1.21% for the resorbable group. All…
    1 study · 60 participants
    GRADE not reported

Resorbable (bioresorbable) plates or screws for fixation vs Titanium plates or screws for fixation

Adverse effects (composite: plate exposure, wound infection, sinus tract, wound dehiscence, plate removal) · Adults (>16 years old) undergoing orthognathic surgery
1 finding from 1 review
  • Resorbable versus titanium plates for orthognathic surgery 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Up to 24 months postoperatively
    SoF row. Adverse effects; 60 participants (1 RCT); Quality of the evidence (GRADE): VERY LOW. Exposure of the plate: both titanium and resorbable groups experienced 2 plate exposures which occurred between the third…
    1 study · 60 participants
    Very low

Resorbable (bioresorbable) plates or screws for fixation vs Titanium plates or screws for fixation

Adverse effects (insufficient fixation; re-operation/revision; plate exposure; superficial or deep wound infection; sinus tract; wound dehiscence; giant cell/foreign body or inflammatory reaction; post-traumatic dystrophy) · Adults over 18 years of age with fractures of the facial skeleton including the mandible, maxilla, zygoma (malar); studies on fractures of…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Resorbable versus titanium plates for facial fractures 2009 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Up to 3 years postoperatively
    Planned adverse-effects outcome not assessed: none of the retrieved studies met the inclusion criteria, so no data were available for analysis. Verbatim (Effects of interventions): "Although 53 studies were retrieved…
    0 studies
    No studies found

Higher drinking-water fluoride exposure vs Null / lowest drinking-water fluoride exposure (reference)

Spine bone mineral density · Females (all ages)

Among females in low-to-moderate-risk-of-bias studies, the reported spine-BMD estimate above 2.35 mg/L water fluoride was MD 0.07 g/cm2 (95% CI 0.11 to 0.24; ungraded).

2 findings from 1 review

Any experimental intervention (surgical or non-surgical) vs None (placebo or no treatment)

Improvement in nutritional intake · People of any age and either sex, in any setting, with BRONJ; bisphosphonate exposure past or current; includes people with cancer and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any experimental intervention (surgical or non-surgical) vs active control

Healing of osteonecrosis - improvement ('healed' or 'improved' vs 'unchanged' or 'worse') · People of any age and either sex, in any setting, with BRONJ; bisphosphonate exposure past or current; includes people with cancer and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any experimental intervention (surgical or non-surgical) vs None (placebo or no treatment)

Improvement of pre-existing accompanying symptoms other than pain · People of any age and either sex, in any setting, with BRONJ; bisphosphonate exposure past or current; includes people with cancer and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any experimental intervention (surgical or non-surgical) vs None (placebo or no treatment)

Mortality rate and cause of death · People of any age and either sex, in any setting, with BRONJ; bisphosphonate exposure past or current; includes people with cancer and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any experimental intervention (surgical or non-surgical) vs None (placebo or no treatment)

Healing of osteonecrosis - improvement ('healed' or 'improved' vs 'unchanged' or 'worse') · People of any age and either sex, in any setting, with BRONJ; bisphosphonate exposure past or current; includes people with cancer and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review