What do systematic reviews say?

Summary of findings: multimedia education and a co‐intervention vs co‐intervention alone

• Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 60 participants
  Very low

Nutritional supplement (500ml) and standard diet vs standard diet

It is very uncertain whether nutritional supplement (500ml) and standard diet changes mild acute rejection episodes (within 6 months after LTx) compared with standard diet alone (very low certainty).

• Nutritional interventions for liver‐transplanted patients 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.56 [0.19, 1.61]
  1 study · 71 participants
  Very low

Nutritional supplement (500ml) and standard diet vs standard diet

It is very uncertain whether nutritional supplement (500ml) and standard diet changes severe acute rejection episodes (within six months after LTx) compared with standard diet alone (very low certainty).

• Nutritional interventions for liver‐transplanted patients 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.63 [0.22, 1.79]
  1 study · 71 participants
  Very low

Anti‐leukaemic therapy plus alemtuzumab vs anti‐leukaemic therapy alone (anti‐leukaemic therapy identical

Anti‐leukaemic therapy plus alemtuzumab may leads to higher infections (all grades) compared with anti‐leukaemic therapy alone (anti‐leukaemic therapy identical (low certainty).

• Alemtuzumab for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.32 [1.01, 1.74]
  2 studies · 356 participants
  Low

Cytarabine plus high‐dose methotrexate vs high‐dose methotrexate alone

Cytarabine plus high‐dose methotrexate probably leads to higher infections (grade 3 to 4) compared with high‐dose methotrexate alone (moderate certainty).

• Role of chemotherapy additional to high‐dose methotrexate for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 9.23 [1.23, 69.47]
  1 study · 79 participants
  Moderate

Flossing plus toothbrushing (self-performed; manual or automated floss) vs Toothbrushing alone

• Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Not estimable (5 studies). Adverse effects were assessed in five studies, but they used different outcome measures, so meta-analysis was not appropriate. The main harm identified was soft-tissue trauma to the gingival…
  5 studies
  GRADE not reported

Traditional iliac bone graft plus fibrin glue vs Traditional iliac bone graft alone

Traditional iliac bone graft plus fibrin glue showed no clear difference in postoperative complication: wound infection compared with traditional iliac bone graft alone; GRADE not reported.

• Secondary bone grafting for alveolar cleft in children with cleft lip or cleft lip and palate 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At least 3 months
  RR 3.23 [0.14, 100]
  1 study · 27 participants
  GRADE not reported

Any Psychosocial plus any Pharmacological vs any Pharmachological alone compared to

Any Psychosocial plus any Pharmacological probably leads to lower dropouts ‐ All studies objective compared with any Pharmachological alone compared to (moderate certainty).

• Psychosocial and pharmacological treatments versus pharmacological treatments for opioid detoxification 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.71 [0.59, 0.85]
  6 studies · 424 participants
  Moderate

Any Psychosocial plus any Pharmacological vs any Pharmachological alone compared to

Any Psychosocial plus any Pharmacological probably leads to lower use of opiate during the treatment objective compared with any Pharmachological alone compared to (moderate certainty).

• Psychosocial and pharmacological treatments versus pharmacological treatments for opioid detoxification 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.82 [0.71, 0.93]
  4 studies · 320 participants
  Moderate

Any Psychosocial plus any Pharmacological vs any Pharmachological alone compared to

Any Psychosocial plus any Pharmacological probably leads to lower compliance as clinical absences during the tratment objective compared with any Pharmachological alone compared to (moderate certainty).

• Psychosocial and pharmacological treatments versus pharmacological treatments for opioid detoxification 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.48 [0.38, 0.59]
  3 studies · 1138 participants
  Moderate

Augmented subscapularis transposition vs subscapularis transposition alone during total shoulder arthroplasty

Augmented subscapularis transposition showed no clear difference in infections compared with subscapularis transposition alone during total shoulder arthroplasty (low certainty).

• Surgical interventions for the rheumatoid shoulder 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.13 [0, 6.48]
  1 study · 39 participants
  Low

Occlusal adjustment as an adjunct to surgical periodontal therapy vs Surgical periodontal therapy alone (no occlusal adjustment)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Occlusal interventions for periodontitis in adults 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Minimum 3 months (planned)
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Occlusal adjustment as an adjunct to surgical periodontal therapy vs Surgical periodontal therapy alone (no occlusal adjustment)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Occlusal interventions for periodontitis in adults 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Minimum 3 months (planned)
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Occlusal adjustment as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy vs Non-surgical periodontal therapy alone (no occlusal adjustment)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Occlusal interventions for periodontitis in adults 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Minimum 3 months (planned)
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Occlusal adjustment as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy vs Non-surgical periodontal therapy alone (no occlusal adjustment)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Occlusal interventions for periodontitis in adults 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Minimum 3 months (planned)
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Fluoride mouthrinse, gel or varnish combined with fluoride toothpaste (any combined regimen) vs Fluoride toothpaste alone

• Combinations of topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels, varnishes) versus single topical fluoride for… 2004 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse-effect data scarcely reported: a stain score in one trial and 'any side effects' in one trial without complete or useable data (stated 'no side effects observed in both groups'). No useful information on tooth…
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

Fluoride mouthrinse, gel or varnish combined with fluoride toothpaste (any combined regimen) vs Fluoride toothpaste alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Combinations of topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels, varnishes) versus single topical fluoride for… 2004 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Fluorosis data have not been reported in any of the trials.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Standard‐dose adjuvant radiotherapy alone vs adjuvant chemoradiotherapy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• De‐intensified adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy versus standard adjuvant chemoradiotherapy post transoral minimally… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Standard‐dose adjuvant radiotherapy alone vs adjuvant chemoradiotherapy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• De‐intensified adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy versus standard adjuvant chemoradiotherapy post transoral minimally… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Standard‐dose adjuvant radiotherapy alone vs adjuvant chemoradiotherapy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• De‐intensified adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy versus standard adjuvant chemoradiotherapy post transoral minimally… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found