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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,756 questions · 13,493 findings · 1,305 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 2,594 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 728 · 5.4%Very low 2,868 · 21.3%Low 3,777 · 28%Moderate 2,620 · 19.4%High 906 · 6.7%

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NSAIDs vs placebo

Participant‐reported pain relief of 50% or greater · acute gout

NSAIDs may leads to higher pain: ≥ 50% improvement in pain (spontaneous pain at 24 hours) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

NSAIDs vs placebo

Inflammation: participants with no swelling at 72 hours (canakinumab 150 mg) Assessed by the investigator as no swelling, mild/palpable, moderate/visible, severe/bulging beyond the joint margins · acute gout

NSAIDs showed no clear difference in inflammation: swelling compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

NSAIDs vs placebo

Function: ≥ 50% improvement in pain with movement at 24 hours · acute gout

NSAIDs showed no clear difference in function: ≥ 50% improvement in pain with movement at 24 hours compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo

Reduction of at least 4 points in SELENA‐SLEDAI at 52 weeks SELENA‐SLEDAI score, a validated marker of SLE disease activity (range 0 to 105; higher score = worse disease activity) · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement)

Belimumab 10 mg/kg leads to higher reduction of at least 4 points in SELENA‐SLEDAI at 52 weeks… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo

Change in HRQOL, on SF‐36 PCS score at 52 weeks Improvement in SF‐36 PCS score from baseline ( · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement)

Belimumab 10 mg/kg probably leads to higher change in HRQOL, on SF‐36 PCS score at 52 weeks Improvement in SF‐36… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo

Reduction of glucocorticoid dose by at least 50% · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement)

Belimumab 10 mg/kg leads to higher reduction of glucocorticoid dose by at least 50% compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo

Participants with one or more serious adverse events · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement)

Belimumab 10 mg/kg showed no clear difference in participants with one or more serious adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo

Participants with one or more serious infections · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement)

Belimumab 10 mg/kg showed no clear difference in participants with one or more serious infections compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement)

Belimumab 10 mg/kg showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo

Number of participants who died during the study · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement)

Belimumab 10 mg/kg showed no clear difference in number of participants who died during the study compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review