Treatment completers · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder
Trauma‐focused psychological intervention showed no clear difference in treatment completers compared with active psychological intervention (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Treatment failure (graft rupture or ACL reconstruction) at 2 years5 · Adults with acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (young, active individuals)
The intervention may leads to lower treatment failure (graft rupture or ACL reconstruction) at 2 years5 (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Treatment failure (meniscal surgery) at 5 years5,7 · Adults with acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (young, active individuals)
The intervention showed no clear difference in treatment failure (meniscal surgery) at 5 years5,7 (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Participants admitted to hospital because of respiratory adverse events (treatment period) · adults with asthma
Bronchial thermoplasty leads to higher participants admitted to hospital because of respiratory adverse… compared with any active control (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Participants admitted to hospital because of respiratory adverse events (post‐treatment period) · adults with asthma
Bronchial thermoplasty showed no clear difference in participants admitted to hospital because of respiratory adverse… compared with any active control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Plaque · Orthodontic patients undergoing comprehensive treatment (late mixed or permanent dentition, no active caries)
In randomized trials, clear aligners probably reduce plaque accumulation versus fixed appliances, though the subgroup estimate is imprecise and its CI crosses no effect (SMD -1.79, 95% CI -3.63 to 0.04; moderate certainty).
6 findings from 1 review
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White spot lesion incidence · Orthodontic patients undergoing comprehensive treatment (late mixed or permanent dentition, no active caries)
Most studies reported a lower incidence of white spot lesions with clear aligners than fixed appliances, but heterogeneous assessment methods precluded meta-analysis (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Severity of white spot lesions (surface area and depth) · Orthodontic patients undergoing comprehensive treatment (late mixed or permanent dentition, no active caries)
White spot lesion severity was assessed narratively in a small number of studies and not meta-analyzed; evidence is limited (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical response at end of study (4 weeks) · people with inflammatory bowel disease
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D (all doses) changes clinical response at end of study (4 weeks) compared with placebo/no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical relapse · people with inflammatory bowel disease
Vitamin D (all doses) may leads to lower clinical relapse at end of study (26–52) weeks compared with placebo/no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life at end of study (26 weeks) · people with inflammatory bowel disease
1 finding from 1 review
Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with inflammatory bowel disease
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D (all doses) changes withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo/no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Trauma‐related symptoms ‐ post‐interventionb · for parents who are experiencing CPTSD symptoms or have experienced maltreatment in their childhood
1 finding from 1 review
Substance use ‐ post‐intervention ‐ not reported · for parents who are experiencing CPTSD symptoms or have experienced maltreatment in their childhood
Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions showed no clear difference in substance use ‐ post‐interventiong compared with inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Parent relationship quality ‐ not reported · for parents who are experiencing CPTSD symptoms or have experienced maltreatment in their childhood
1 finding from 1 review
Parental self‐harm ‐ post‐intervention ‐ not reported · for parents who are experiencing CPTSD symptoms or have experienced maltreatment in their childhood
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Parent‐child relationship or assessment of parenting · for parents who are experiencing CPTSD symptoms or have experienced maltreatment in their childhood
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions changes parent–child relationship ‐ post‐interventionm compared with inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Parenting skills; postintervention · for parents who are experiencing CPTSD symptoms or have experienced maltreatment in their childhood
1 finding from 1 review
Trauma‐related symptoms ‐ post‐intervention ‐ not reported · for parents who are experiencing CPTSD symptoms or have experienced maltreatment in their childhood
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Psychological well‐being (secondary outcome) Not addressed · for parents who are experiencing CPTSD symptoms or have experienced maltreatment in their childhood
1 finding from 1 review