Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,245 questions · 1,274 findings · 321 reviews

No studies found 247 · 19.4%GRADE not reported 195 · 15.3%Very low 372 · 29.2%Low 282 · 22.1%Moderate 141 · 11.1%High 37 · 2.9%

Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo

Participants with one or more serious adverse events · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement)

Belimumab 10 mg/kg showed no clear difference in participants with one or more serious adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Belimumab 10 mg/kg vs placebo

Participants with one or more serious infections · people with active systemic lupus erythematosus (but not active nephritis or active central nervous system involvement)

Belimumab 10 mg/kg showed no clear difference in participants with one or more serious infections compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Levetiracetam vs phenobarbital

50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency · patients with AD and epileptic seizures

It is very uncertain whether levetiracetam changes reduction in seizure frequency of 50% or more compared with phenobarbital (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine vs phenobarbital

50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency · patients with AD and epileptic seizures

It is very uncertain whether lamotrigine changes reduction in seizure frequency of 50% or more compared with phenobarbital (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Levetiracetam vs lamotrigine

50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency · patients with AD and epileptic seizures

It is very uncertain whether levetiracetam changes reduction in seizure frequency of 50% or more compared with lamotrigine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early active flexion plus controlled passive exercise regimen vs controlled passive exercise regimen following surgery

Adverse events: participants incurring one or more adverse events · participants undergoing rehabilitation following surgery for flexor tendon injuries of the handa

It is very uncertain whether early active flexion plus controlled passive exercise regimen changes adverse events: participants incurring one or more adverse events compared with early controlled passive exercise regimen (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cannabinoids vs placebo

Agitated or aggressive behaviours in dementia patients, measured on the Cohen‐Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) Scale (range 29 to 203, with 29 meaning no symptoms, and higher number of points indicating more severe symptoms)Â · diagnosis of dementia (dementia in Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, or mixed dementia; any severity
1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antiseptics

Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured after 4 weeks · schoolchildren with CSOM

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotics changes resolution of ear discharge (4 weeks or more) ‐ measured at 3 to 4… compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antiseptics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remote monitoring vs usual care

Exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether remote monitoring changes number of people experiencing 1 or more exacerbations compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care

Exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether remote monitoring plus usual care changes number of people experiencing 1 or more exacerbations compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care

Adverse events: number of people with 1 or more (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) changes adverse events: number of people with 1 or more (all‐cause) compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention vs usual care

Exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) · COPD and at least one other long‐term condition

It is very uncertain whether intervention changes exacerbations ‐ number of people experiencing one or more  compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison #3: Decision coaching plus evidence‐based information vs usual care ‐ Summary of findings

Feeling uninformed subscale of Decisional conflict Scale (O'Connor 1995b) measured post‐consultation (Deschamps 2004)

It is very uncertain whether comparison #3: Decision coaching plus evidence‐based information changes feeling uninformed subscale of Decisional Conflict Scale (O'Connor… compared with usual care ‐ Summary of findings (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison #3: Decision coaching plus evidence‐based information vs usual care ‐ Summary of findings

Feeling unsupported

It is very uncertain whether comparison #3: Decision coaching plus evidence‐based information changes feeling unsupported subscale of Decisional Conflict Scale (O'Connor… compared with usual care ‐ Summary of findings (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review