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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Every word you type has to appear somewhere in the question, and the closest matches are ranked first.
75,239 questions in 5,342 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 20.2%Ungraded 10,323 · 13.7%Very low 17,528 · 23.3%Low 17,951 · 23.9%Moderate 11,190 · 14.9%High 3,034 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention NR All cause mortality ‐ End of · Prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia Colony‐stimulating factors for prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute… (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.98, 1.05] | 14 studies · 4029 participants | Low |
Intervention NR All cause mortality subgroup analysis age>60 · Prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia Colony‐stimulating factors for prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute… (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.97, 1.06] | 7 studies · 2035 participants | Low |
Intervention NR All‐cause mortality subgroup analysis age< 60 · Prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia Colony‐stimulating factors for prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute… (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.08 [0.97, 1.2] | 5 studies · 1079 participants | Low |
Intervention NR All‐cause mortality ‐ sensitivity analysis · Prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia Colony‐stimulating factors for prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute… (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.99, 1.07] | 10 studies · 3405 participants | High |
Intervention NR Overall survival · Prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patientswith acute myelogenous leukemia Colony‐stimulating factors for prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute… (2012) · Cochrane | HR 1 [0.93, 1.08] | 11 studies · 3335 participants | Low |
Intervention NR complete response · Prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia Colony‐stimulating factors for prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute… (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.99, 1.07] | 17 studies · 4774 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Disease free survival · Prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia Colony‐stimulating factors for prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute… (2012) · Cochrane | OR 1 [0.9, 1.13] | 7 studies · 1639 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Relapse rate · Prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia Colony‐stimulating factors for prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute… (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.97 [0.89, 1.05] | 10 studies · 2189 participants | Low |
Pursed lip breathing vs no breathing exercises Dyspnoea during exercise Modified Borg Dyspnoea score Scores range from 0 to 10, with lower scores indicating less shortness of breath · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 19 participants | Low |
Yoga vs no breathing exercises Walking capacity Change in 6‐minute walk distance (m) · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 74 participants | Moderate |
Yoga vs no breathing exercises Health‐related quality of life Total score for St Georges Respiratory Questionnaire · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 45 participants | Moderate |
Pursed lip breathing vs expiratory muscle training Dyspnoea during exercise Modified Borg dyspnoea score at end of 6‐minute walk test Scores range from 0 to 10, with lower scores indicating less shortness of breath · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 17 participants | Low |
Pursed lip breathing vs expiratory muscle training Dyspnoea during daily life University of California San Diego Shortness of Breath Questionnaire Scores range from 0 to 120, with lower scores indicating less shortness of breath · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 17 participants | Low |
Ventilation feedback training vs exercise training Exercise endurance Duration of constant work rate exercise test (minutes) · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 32 participants | Low |
Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise alone Exercise endurance Duration of constant work rate exercise test on treadmill · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 33 participants | Low |
Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise alone Walking capacity Change in 6‐minute walk distance (metres) · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Low |
Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise alone Dyspnoea during treadmill walking Borg scale at isotime during constant work rate treadmill test Scale ranges from 0 to 10, with lower scores indicating less shortness of breath · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 33 participants | Low |
Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise alone Dyspnoea after walking Change in Borg scale at end of 6‐minute walk test Scale ranges from 0 to 10, with lower scores indicating less shortness of breath · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Low |
Ventilation feedback training plus exercise vs exercise alone Health‐related quality of life Dyspnoea domain of Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire Scale ranges from 1 to 7, with higher scores indicating less shortness of breath · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 73 participants | Moderate |
Pursed lip breathing vs no breathing exercises Dyspnoea during daily life University of California San Diego Shortness of Breath Questionnaire Scores range from 0 to 120, with lower scores indicating less shortness of breath · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 19 participants | Low |
Pursed lip breathing vs no breathing exercises Walking capacity 6‐minute walk distance (metres) · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 30 participants | Low |
Pursed lip breathing vs no breathing exercises Health‐related quality of life Dyspnoea domain of Hiratsuka scale Scores range from 0 to 100, with lower scores indicating less shortness of breath · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 60 participants | Low |
Diaphragmatic breathing vs no breathing exercises Dyspnoea Change in Medical Research Council Score · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 30 participants | Moderate |
Diaphragmatic breathing vs no breathing exercises Walking capacity Change in 6‐minute walk distance (metres) · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 30 participants | Moderate |
Diaphragmatic breathing vs no breathing exercises Health‐related quality of life Change in total score of St George Respiratory Questionnaire · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 30 participants | Moderate |
Yoga vs no breathing exercises Dyspnoea intensity Modified Borg Scale at end of 6‐minute walk test · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Low |
Yoga vs no breathing exercises Dyspnoea distress Modified Borg scale at end of 6‐minute walk test · individuals with COPD Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Low |
Paliperidone palmitate vs placebo Leaving the study early ‐ any reason Reported by trial author · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.76 [7, 84] | 5 studies · 2183 participants | High |
Paliperidone palmitate vs risperidone long‐acting injection Death Reported by trial author · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | RR 3.62 [0.6, 21.89] | 2 studies · 1967 participants | Low |
Paliperidone palmitate vs risperidone long‐acting injection No clinically important change Number of people whose PANSS score either increased or did not decrease by at least 30% from the beginning to the end of the trial · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.93, 1.14] | 2 studies · 1587 participants | Low |
Paliperidone palmitate vs risperidone long‐acting injection Relapse: recurrence of psychotic symptoms Reported by trial authors as adverse event · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.23 [0.98, 1.53] | 2 studies · 1961 participants | Moderate |
Paliperidone palmitate vs risperidone long‐acting injection Cost ‐ not measured · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Paliperidone palmitate vs risperidone long‐acting injection Health related quality of life ‐ not measured · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Paliperidone palmitate vs placebo No clinically important change Number of people whose PANSS score either increased or did not decrease by at least 30% from the beginning to the end of the trial · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.79 [0.74, 0.85] | 4 studies · 1696 participants | Moderate |
Paliperidone palmitate vs placebo Relapse: recurrence of psychotic symptoms Reported by trial author as adverse event · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.56 [0.46, 0.7] | 5 studies · 2084 participants | Moderate |
Paliperidone palmitate vs placebo Average change in prolactin in men Serum prolactin level (ng/mL) · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 1418 participants | High |
Paliperidone palmitate vs placebo Average change in prolactin in women Serum prolactin level (ng/mL) · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 764 participants | High |
Paliperidone palmitate vs placebo Average change in weight Change in weight (kg) from beginning to end of trial · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 2052 participants | High |
Paliperidone palmitate vs placebo Health‐related quality of life ‐ not measured · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Paliperidone palmitate vs risperidone long‐acting injection Leaving the study early ‐ any reason Reported by trial author · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.12 [1, 1.25] | 2 studies · 1969 participants | High |
Paliperidone palmitate vs risperidone long‐acting injection Leaving the study early ‐ lack of efficacy Reported by trial author · patients with schizophrenia Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.35 [1.06, 1.71] | 2 studies · 1969 participants | Moderate |
Disc arthroplasty vs fusion Improvement in Back Pain VAS 100 mm scale · patients with chronic low‐back pain Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 676 participants | Low |
Disc arthroplasty vs fusion Adverse Effects · patients with chronic low‐back pain Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Disc arthroplasty vs fusion Patient satisfaction Questionnaire · patients with chronic low‐back pain Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration (2012) · Cochrane | OR 1.93 [1.36, 2.76] | 4 studies · 958 participants | Moderate |
Disc arthroplasty vs fusion Improvement in function Oswestry score. Scale from: ‐100 to 100. · patients with chronic low‐back pain Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 1207 participants | Moderate |
Disc arthroplasty vs fusion Percentage of patients improved on function Oswestry score · patients with chronic low‐back pain Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration (2012) · Cochrane | OR 1.45 [1.06, 1.98] | 5 studies · 1244 participants | Low |
Disc arthroplasty vs fusion Disability Roland Morris · patients with chronic low‐back pain Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Disc arthroplasty vs fusion Physical and mental health SF‐36, SF‐12 · patients with chronic low‐back pain Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 863 participants | Very low |
Disc arthroplasty vs fusion Economic status Euro‐QoL; EQ‐5D · patients with chronic low‐back pain Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 152 participants | Very low |
Disc arthroplasty vs fusion Daily activity · patients with chronic low‐back pain Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |