Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,922 questions · 3,118 findings · 513 reviews

No studies found 574 · 18.4%GRADE not reported 372 · 11.9%Very low 723 · 23.2%Low 854 · 27.4%Moderate 489 · 15.7%High 106 · 3.4%

IPL (with/without MGX) vs no treatment/sham

Dry eye symptoms, measured using the OSDI score (ranging from 0 to 100 units, with a reduction in scores indicating clinical improvement) at 1‐month (with actual · people with meibomian gland dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether IPL (with/without MGX) changes dry eye symptoms, measured using the SPEED score at 3 months of compared with sham or no treatment (with/without MGX) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IPL (with/without MGX) vs no treatment/sham

Tear osmolarity, measured in mOsmol/L, at 3 months of · people with meibomian gland dysfunction

IPL (with/without MGX) showed no clear difference in tear osmolarity, measured in mOsmol/L, at 3 months of compared with sham or no treatment (with/without MGX) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IPL (with/without MGX) vs no treatment/sham

Meibomian gland orifice plugging, at 3 months of · people with meibomian gland dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether IPL (with/without MGX) changes meibomian gland orifice plugging, at 3 months of compared with sham or no treatment (with/without MGX) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IPL (with/without MGX) vs no treatment/sham

Corneal sodium fluorescein staining, measured using a validated clinical scale, at 3 months of · people with meibomian gland dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether IPL (with/without MGX) changes corneal sodium fluorescein staining, measured using a validated… compared with sham or no treatment (with/without MGX) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Mortality at longest · adult (≥ 18 years of age) patients receiving mechanical ventilation (via either an endotracheal tube or a tracheostomy) for acute…

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes mortality at longest (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Requirement for renal replacement therapy ( · adult (≥ 18 years of age) patients receiving mechanical ventilation (via either an endotracheal tube or a tracheostomy) for acute…

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes requirement for renal replacement therapy ( (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcium supplementation/fortification vs placebo (outcomes

Pre‐eclampsia · women who are not yet pregnant and women in the early stages of pregnancy

Calcium supplementation showed no clear difference in pre‐eclampsia compared with placebo (maternal outcomes) commencing before or early (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcium supplementation/fortification vs placebo (outcomes

Pre‐eclampsia, or pregnancy loss, or stillbirth (or combination) at any gestational age · women who are not yet pregnant and women in the early stages of pregnancy

Calcium supplementation showed no clear difference in pre‐eclampsia, or pregnancy loss, or stillbirth (or combination) at… compared with placebo (maternal outcomes) commencing before or early (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcium supplementation/fortification vs placebo (outcomes

Severe maternal morbidity and mortality index · women who are not yet pregnant and women in the early stages of pregnancy

Calcium supplementation showed no clear difference in severe maternal morbidity and mortality index compared with placebo (maternal outcomes) commencing before or early (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcium supplementation/fortification vs placebo (outcomes

Pregnancy loss or stillbirth at any gestational age · women who are not yet pregnant and women in the early stages of pregnancy

Calcium supplementation showed no clear difference in pregnancy loss or stillbirth at any gestational age compared with placebo (maternal outcomes) commencing before or early (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review