Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

344 questions · 346 findings · 97 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 31 · 9%GRADE not reported 6 · 1.7%Very low 154 · 44.5%Low 99 · 28.6%Moderate 39 · 11.3%High 17 · 4.9%

Intervention not reported

PTB (< 37 w) ‐ Repeat cones versus No Treatment · women with known obstetric outcomes

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes PTB (< 37 w) ‐ Repeat cones versus No Treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Obstetric outcomes after conservative treatment for cervical intraepithelial lesions and early invasive disease 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.78 [2.65, 5.39]
11 studies · 1317284 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

PTB (< 37 w) ‐ Depth ≤ 10 mm to 12 mm versus No Treatment · women with known obstetric outcomes

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes PTB (< 37 w) ‐ Depth ≤ 10 mm to 12 mm versus No Treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Obstetric outcomes after conservative treatment for cervical intraepithelial lesions and early invasive disease 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.54 [1.09, 2.18]
8 studies · 550929 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

PTB (< 37 w) ‐ PTB (< 37 w) ‐ Depth ≥10 mm to 12 mm versus No Treatment · women with known obstetric outcomes

The intervention may leads to higher PTB (< 37 w) ‐ PTB (< 37 w) ‐ Depth ≥10 mm to 12 mm versus No… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Obstetric outcomes after conservative treatment for cervical intraepithelial lesions and early invasive disease 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.93 [1.62, 2.31]
8 studies · 552711 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

PTB (< 37w) ‐ PTB (<37w) ‐ Depth ≥15 to 17mm versus No Treatment · women with known obstetric outcomes

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes PTB (< 37w) ‐ PTB (<37w) ‐ Depth ≥15 to 17mm versus No Treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Obstetric outcomes after conservative treatment for cervical intraepithelial lesions and early invasive disease 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.77 [1.95, 3.93]
4 studies · 544986 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

PTB (< 37 w) ‐ PTB (< 37 w) ‐ Depth ≥ 20 mm versus No Treatment · women with known obstetric outcomes

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes PTB (< 37 w) ‐ PTB (< 37 w) ‐ Depth ≥ 20 mm versus No Treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Obstetric outcomes after conservative treatment for cervical intraepithelial lesions and early invasive disease 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 4.91 [2.06, 11.68]
3 studies · 543750 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality at 2 days ‐ immediate treatment · patients with acute myocardial infarction1

The intervention leads to lower all‐cause mortality at 2 days ‐ immediate treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of early treatment with anti‐hypertensive drugs on short and long‐term mortality in patients with an acute… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.81 [0.74, 0.89]
6 studies · 82624 participants
High

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality at 10 days‐ short‐term treatment · patients with acute myocardial infarction1

The intervention leads to lower all‐cause mortality at 10 days‐ short‐term treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of early treatment with anti‐hypertensive drugs on short and long‐term mortality in patients with an acute… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.91 [0.86, 0.97]
6 studies · 78178 participants
High

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality at 2 days ‐ immediate treatment · acute myocardial infarction1

The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality at 2 days ‐ immediate treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of early treatment with anti‐hypertensive drugs on short and long‐term mortality in patients with an acute… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.91 [0.82, 1]
3 studies · 77414 participants
High

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality at 10 days ‐ short‐term treatment · acute myocardial infarction1

The intervention leads to lower all‐cause mortality at 10 days ‐ short‐term treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of early treatment with anti‐hypertensive drugs on short and long‐term mortality in patients with an acute… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.93 [0.87, 0.98]
10 studies · 84311 participants
High

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality at 2 days ‐ immediate treatment · patients with acute myocardial infarction1

The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality at 2 days ‐ immediate treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of early treatment with anti‐hypertensive drugs on short and long‐term mortality in patients with an acute… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.95 [0.85, 1.07]
6 studies · 68007 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality at 10 days ‐ short‐term treatment · patients with acute myocardial infarction1

The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality at 10 days ‐ short‐term treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of early treatment with anti‐hypertensive drugs on short and long‐term mortality in patients with an acute… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.96 [0.91, 1.02]
14 studies · 71457 participants
High

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality at 2 days ‐ immediate treatment · patients with acute myocardial infarction or stroke1

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes all‐cause mortality at 2 days ‐ immediate treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of early treatment with anti‐hypertensive drugs on short and long‐term mortality in patients with an acute… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.33 [0.62, 8.78]
3 studies · 242 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality at 10 days ‐ short‐term treatment · patients with acute myocardial infarction or stroke1

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes all‐cause mortality at 10 days ‐ short‐term treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of early treatment with anti‐hypertensive drugs on short and long‐term mortality in patients with an acute… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.73, 1.38]
15 studies · 1900 participants
Very low

Early postoperative feeding vs usual care

Complications

It is very uncertain whether early postoperative feeding changes complications compared with standard management (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative nutrition for the treatment of bladder cancer by radical cystectomy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.14 [0.85, 1.53]
1 study · 102 participants
Very low

Early postoperative feeding vs usual care

Length of hospital stay

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative nutrition for the treatment of bladder cancer by radical cystectomy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 102 participants
Low

Early postoperative feeding vs usual care

All‐cause mortality

Early postoperative feeding showed no clear difference in mortality compared with standard management (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative nutrition for the treatment of bladder cancer by radical cystectomy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.52 [0.1, 2.71]
1 study · 102 participants
Low

PHASE SPECIFIC TREATMENT (RISPERIDONE + CBT) + SPECIALISED TEAM vs SPECIALISED TEAM

Progression to psychosis ‐ by 12 months · people with psychosis

PHASE SPECIFIC TREATMENT (RISPERIDONE + CBT) + SPECIALISED TEAM probably leads to lower progression to psychosis ‐ by 6 months compared with SPECIALISED TEAM (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Early intervention for psychosis 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.27 [0.08, 0.89]
1 study · 59 participants
Moderate
Early intervention for psychosis 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.54 [0.23, 1.3]
1 study · 59 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs no specific treatment

Leaving the study early/ loss to · schizophrenia

Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics showed no clear difference in leaving the study early ‐ for any reason ‐ overall acceptability… compared with no specific treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy without medication for schizophrenia 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.8 [0.23, 2.75]
1 study · 74 participants
Low

Topiramate vs placebo or no treatment

Leaving the study early · people with schizophrenia with antipsychotic‐induced weight gain

Topiramate showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: for any reason compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.09 [0.85, 1.41]
2 studies · 132 participants
Low

Metformin vs placebo or no treatment

Leaving the study early · people with schizophrenia with antipsychotic‐induced weight gain

It is very uncertain whether metformin changes leaving the study early: for any reason compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.25, 4.13]
4 studies · 137 participants
Very low