Findings

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,534 questions · 5,247 findings · 456 reviews

No studies found 1,142 · 21.8%GRADE not reported 1,503 · 28.6%Very low 1,040 · 19.8%Low 869 · 16.6%Moderate 554 · 10.6%High 139 · 2.6%

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Intervention not reported

Dental caries prevalence · General population in Ethiopia (all ages, age range 6-100 years)

Caries prevalence in other regions (Oromia, Harar, SNNPR) was 42.90% (95% CI 24.68 to 61.12); certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Copper nickel-titanium archwire vs Nickel-titanium archwire

Amount of crowding · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth

It is very uncertain whether copper nickel-titanium archwire changes amount of crowding (Little's Irregularity Index) at 12 weeks compared with nickel-titanium archwire (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Quad-helix plus multi-bracket appliance vs Expansion arch plus multi-bracket appliance

Canine expansion · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…

Quad-helix plus multi-bracket appliance showed no clear difference in canine expansion compared with expansion arch plus multi-bracket appliance; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Cesarean section delivery vs Vaginal delivery

Caries prevalence (early childhood caries) · Toddlers and preschool children, 2 to 6 years of age (primary dentition)

Caesarean section delivery may be associated with a modestly higher prevalence of early childhood caries than vaginal delivery (pooled OR 1.48), but the evidence is inconsistent and of very low certainty.

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (quad-helix) vs observation

Molar expansion · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (quad-helix) probably leads to higher molar expansion (inter-molar distance) compared with observation (no treatment) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Schwarz appliance vs No active treatment (control)

Amount of crowding (change in mandibular crowding) at 8 weeks · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth

It is very uncertain whether schwarz appliance changes amount of crowding (lower arch crowding, change) at 9 months compared with no active treatment (control) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (Hyrax) vs Fixed tooth-tissue-borne expansion (Haas)

Molar expansion · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (Hyrax) showed no clear difference in molar expansion (inter-molar distance) compared with fixed tooth-tissue-borne expansion (Haas) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (Hyrax) vs observation

Crossbite correction · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (Hyrax) probably leads to higher crossbite correction compared with observation (no treatment) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (Hyrax) vs Bonded Hyrax (tooth/tissue-borne)

Molar expansion · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Orthodontic treatment for posterior crossbites 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
    3 months after completion of expansion
    Asanza 1997: banded 6 mm (min 4.3-max 7.2) vs bonded 5.9 mm (min 3.2-max 7.7); P=NS (no SD reported); no significant difference in tipping or symmetrical expansion
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

ARP with xenograft (bone graft) vs Extraction alone

Complications (e.g. discomfort, pain and swelling) · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring extraction of one or more…
1 finding from 1 review

Nickel-titanium archwire vs Multistranded stainless steel archwire

Amount of crowding (change in mandibular crowding) at 8 weeks · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth

It is very uncertain whether nickel-titanium archwire changes amount of crowding (change in mandibular crowding) at 8 weeks compared with multistranded stainless steel archwire (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed bonded acrylic splint expander vs no treatment

Canine expansion · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…

Fixed bonded acrylic splint expander showed no clear difference in canine expansion (maxillary intercanine width) compared with no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Blood and saliva analysis (biomarker tests) vs Surgical or punch biopsy with histological assessment

Outcome not reported · Adults (aged 16 years or over) presenting to primary or secondary care with clinically evident suspicious or innocuous oral lesions

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

ARP with xenograft (bone graft) vs Extraction alone

Implant failure rate · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring extraction of one or more…

It is very uncertain whether ARP with xenograft (bone graft) changes implant failure rate compared with extraction alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review