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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

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1,518 questions in 135 reviews · Infectious Diseases

current versions

No studies 135 · 8.9%Ungraded 150 · 9.9%Very low 350 · 23.1%Low 420 · 27.7%Moderate 321 · 21.1%High 142 · 9.4%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Intervention NR Pooled sensitivity 87% (75% to 93%) · children with close tuberculosis contacts Index test: abnormal chest radiography Role: an initial test Threshold for… Screening tests for active pulmonary tuberculosis in children (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	8 studies · 232 participants	Low
Intervention NR Pooled specificity 99% (68% to 100%) · children with close tuberculosis contacts Index test: abnormal chest radiography Role: an initial test Threshold for… Screening tests for active pulmonary tuberculosis in children (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	8 studies · 3281 participants	Low
Intervention NR Estimations · children evaluated in inpatient or outpatient settings Index tests: Xpert MTB/RIF Role: an initial test Threshold for… Screening tests for active pulmonary tuberculosis in children (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Sensitivities 43% and 100% · children evaluated in inpatient or outpatient settings Index tests: Xpert MTB/RIF Role: an initial test Threshold for… Screening tests for active pulmonary tuberculosis in children (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 16 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Index test, population · people living with HIV and non‐hospitalized people in high‐risk groups Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra assays for screening for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in… (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Xpert MTB/RIF, people living with HIV · people living with HIV and non‐hospitalized people in high‐risk groups Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra assays for screening for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in… (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	12 studies · 602 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Xpert Ultra, people living with HIV · people living with HIV and non‐hospitalized people in high‐risk groups Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra assays for screening for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in… (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 68 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Xpert MTB/RIF, non‐hospitalized people in high‐risk groups · people living with HIV and non‐hospitalized people in high‐risk groups Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra assays for screening for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in… (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	5 studies · 337 participants	Low
Intervention NR Index test · people in high‐risk groups Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra assays for screening for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in… (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Xpert MTB/RIF · people in high‐risk groups Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra assays for screening for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in… (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 20 participants	Very low
Effect of LF‐LAM vs no LF‐LAM on mortality and tuberculosis treatment initiation Mortality at 8 weeks · adults living with HIV Impact of diagnostic strategies for tuberculosis using lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay in people… (2021) · Cochrane	RR 0.85 [0.76, 0.94]	2 studies · 5102 participants	Moderate
Effect of LF‐LAM vs no LF‐LAM on mortality and tuberculosis treatment initiation People started on tuberculosis treatment · adults living with HIV Impact of diagnostic strategies for tuberculosis using lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay in people… (2021) · Cochrane	RR 1.26 [0.94, 1.69]	2 studies · 5102 participants	Moderate
Effect of LF‐LAM vs no LF‐LAM on mortality and tuberculosis treatment initiation Mortality at 6 months · adults living with HIV Impact of diagnostic strategies for tuberculosis using lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay in people… (2021) · Cochrane	RR 0.89 [0.71, 1.11]	1 study · 2972 participants	Low
Effect of LF‐LAM vs no LF‐LAM on mortality and tuberculosis treatment initiation People started on tuberculosis treatment · adults living with HIV Impact of diagnostic strategies for tuberculosis using lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay in people… (2021) · Cochrane	RR 5.44	1 study · 3022 participants	Low
Intervention NR All‐cause mortality · ≥ 15‐year‐old people with late second stage human African gambiense trypanosomiasis (trypanosomes in blood or nymph… Chemotherapy for second‐stage human African trypanosomiasis: drugs in use (2021) · Cochrane	RR 2.22 [0.49, 10.11]	1 study · 394 participants	Low
Intervention NR Relapsec · ≥ 15‐year‐old people with late second stage human African gambiense trypanosomiasis (trypanosomes in blood or nymph… Chemotherapy for second‐stage human African trypanosomiasis: drugs in use (2021) · Cochrane	RD 0.05 [0.02, 0.08]	1 study · 394 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Serious adverse events · ≥ 15‐year‐old people with late second stage human African gambiense trypanosomiasis (trypanosomes in blood or nymph… Chemotherapy for second‐stage human African trypanosomiasis: drugs in use (2021) · Cochrane	RR 1.17 [0.64, 2.17]	1 study · 394 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Adverse events · ≥ 15‐year‐old people with late second stage human African gambiense trypanosomiasis (trypanosomes in blood or nymph… Chemotherapy for second‐stage human African trypanosomiasis: drugs in use (2021) · Cochrane	RR 1.01 [0.95, 1.06]	1 study · 394 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Diarrhoea lasting ≥ 48 hours · children and adults with acute infectious diarrhoea Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea (2020) · Cochrane	RR 1 [0.91, 1.09]	2 studies · 1770 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Mean duration of diarrhoea (hours) · children and adults with acute infectious diarrhoea Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	6 studies · 3058 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Treatment failure day‐28 PCR‐adjusted(PP population) · children aged 14 years or younger with uncomplicated P falciparum malaria Paediatric formulations of artemisinin‐based combination therapies for treating uncomplicated malaria in… (2020) · Cochrane	RR 1.35 [0.49, 3.72]	2 studies · 1061 participants	Low
Intervention NR Treatment failureday‐28 PCR‐adjusted(ITT population) · children aged 14 years or younger with uncomplicated P falciparum malaria Paediatric formulations of artemisinin‐based combination therapies for treating uncomplicated malaria in… (2020) · Cochrane	RR 1.05 [0.68, 1.62]	2 studies · 1139 participants	Low
Intervention NR Serious adverse events · children aged 14 years or younger with uncomplicated P falciparum malaria Paediatric formulations of artemisinin‐based combination therapies for treating uncomplicated malaria in… (2020) · Cochrane	RR 1.05 [0.38, 2.88]	2 studies · 1197 participants	Low
Intervention NR Drug‐related adverse events · children aged 14 years or younger with uncomplicated P falciparum malaria Paediatric formulations of artemisinin‐based combination therapies for treating uncomplicated malaria in… (2020) · Cochrane	RR 0.78 [0.62, 0.99]	2 studies · 1197 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Drug‐related vomiting · children aged 14 years or younger with uncomplicated P falciparum malaria Paediatric formulations of artemisinin‐based combination therapies for treating uncomplicated malaria in… (2020) · Cochrane	RR 0.75 [0.56, 1.01]	2 studies · 1197 participants	Low
Intervention NR Acceptability · children aged 14 years or younger with uncomplicated P falciparum malaria Paediatric formulations of artemisinin‐based combination therapies for treating uncomplicated malaria in… (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Intervention NR P vivax parasitaemia during 6 months of · adults with P vivax malaria Tafenoquine for preventing relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax malaria (2020) · Cochrane	RR 0.32 [0.12, 0.88]	2 studies · 504 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Serious adverse events · adults with P vivax malaria Tafenoquine for preventing relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax malaria (2020) · Cochrane	RR 1.34 [0.63, 2.84]	2 studies · 504 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Any adverse event · adults with P vivax malaria Tafenoquine for preventing relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax malaria (2020) · Cochrane	RR 0.96 [0.81, 1.13]	2 studies · 504 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR P vivax parasitaemia during 6 months of · adults and children with P vivax malaria Tafenoquine for preventing relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax malaria (2020) · Cochrane	1.04 [0.8, 1.34]	3 studies · 747 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Serious adverse events · adults and children with P vivax malaria Tafenoquine for preventing relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax malaria (2020) · Cochrane	RR 1.41 [0.7, 2.83]	3 studies · 747 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Any adverse event · adults and children with P vivax malaria Tafenoquine for preventing relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax malaria (2020) · Cochrane	RR 1.01 [0.89, 1.14]	3 studies · 747 participants	Moderate
Any anthelmintic drug single dose vs placebo Parasitological cure · children and adults Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis (2020) · Cochrane	RR 6.29 [3.91, 10.12]	8 studies · 1578 participants	Moderate
Albendazole single dose vs ivermectin single dose cure rate Parasitological cure · children and adults Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis (2020) · Cochrane	RR 0.99 [0.91, 1.08]	3 studies · 519 participants	Moderate
Albendazole single dose vs ivermectin single dose cure rate Faecal egg count · children and adults Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 315 participants	High
Albendazole single dose vs ivermectin single dose cure rate Adverse outcomes · children and adults Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 204 participants	Low
Any anthelmintic drug single dose vs placebo Faecal egg count · children and adults Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	5 studies · 1020 participants	High
Any anthelmintic drug single dose vs placebo Adverse events · children and adults Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 744 participants	Moderate
Albendazole 400 mg single dose vs albendazole 400 mg multiple doses Parasitological cure · children and adults Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis (2020) · Cochrane	RR 0.98 [0.92, 1.05]	3 studies · 307 participants	High
Albendazole 400 mg single dose vs albendazole 400 mg multiple doses Faecal eggs count · children and adults Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 249 participants	Moderate
Albendazole 400 mg single dose vs albendazole 400 mg multiple doses Adverse events · children and adults Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 316 participants	Moderate
Albendazole 400 mg single dose vs mebendazole 500 mg single dose Parasitological cure · children and adults Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis (2020) · Cochrane	RR 1.01 [1, 1.02]	6 studies · 2131 participants	High
Albendazole 400 mg single dose vs mebendazole 500 mg single dose Faecal egg count · children and adults Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	5 studies · 1902 participants	High
Albendazole 400 mg single dose vs mebendazole 500 mg single dose Adverse events · children and adults Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	5 studies · 1902 participants	Low
Intervention NR Recurrence of P vivax parasitaemia · adults and children with confirmed clinical and parasitological P vivax malaria Primaquine alternative dosing schedules for preventing malaria relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax (2020) · Cochrane	RR 0.96 [0.66, 1.39]	4 studies · 1211 participants	Low
Intervention NR Anaemia (haemoglobin < 7 g/dL) · adults and children with confirmed clinical and parasitological P vivax malaria Primaquine alternative dosing schedules for preventing malaria relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax (2020) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 129 participants	Ungraded
Intervention NR Recurrence of P vivax parasitaemia · adults and children with confirmed clinical and parasitological P vivax malaria Primaquine alternative dosing schedules for preventing malaria relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax (2020) · Cochrane	RR 1.03 [0.82, 1.3]	2 studies · 2526 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Serious adverse events · adults and children with confirmed clinical and parasitological P vivax malaria Primaquine alternative dosing schedules for preventing malaria relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax (2020) · Cochrane	RR 12.03 [1.57, 92.3]	1 study · 1872 participants	Low
Intervention NR Adverse events the resulted in discontinuation of treatment · adults and children with confirmed clinical and parasitological P vivax malaria Primaquine alternative dosing schedules for preventing malaria relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax (2020) · Cochrane	RR 2.5 [0.49, 12.87]	2 studies · 2526 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Anaemia · adults and children with confirmed clinical and parasitological P vivax malaria Primaquine alternative dosing schedules for preventing malaria relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax (2020) · Cochrane	RR 0.93 [0.62, 1.41]	2 studies · 2440 participants	Very low