Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

28 questions · 28 findings · 6 reviews · Hepato-Biliary

No studies found 6 · 21.4%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 20 · 71.4%Low 1 · 3.6%Moderate 1 · 3.6%High 0 · 0%

Antibiotics vs other antibiotics

Non‐serious adverse events · farmworkers

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes non‐serious adverse events compared with other antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention

Non‐serious adverse events · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes non‐serious adverse events compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Intraperitoneal local anaesthetic vs control

Serious adverse events · people undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Intraperitoneal local anaesthetic changes serious adverse events compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention

Adverse events considered non‐serious · people with leptospirosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes adverse events considered non‐serious compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin vs placebo or no intervention

Serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin showed no clear difference in serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants compared with placebo/no intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin vs non‐absorbable disaccharide

Serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin showed no clear difference in serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants compared with non‐absorbable disaccharide (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin vs non‐absorbable disaccharide

Non‐serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin changes non‐serious adverse events ‐ total number of participants compared with non‐absorbable disaccharide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin vs placebo or no intervention

Non‐serious adverse events ‐ total number of particiapnts · prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Rifaximin changes non‐serious adverse events ‐ total number of particiapnts compared with placebo/no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs other antibiotics

Adverse events considered non‐serious (penicillin versus cefotaxime) · people with leptospirosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes adverse events considered non‐serious (penicillin versus cefotaxime) compared with other antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs other antibiotics

Adverse events considered non‐serious (penicillin versus doxycycline) · people with leptospirosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes adverse events considered non‐serious (penicillin versus doxycycline) compared with other antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) vs moderate NMB

Short‐term serious adverse events (SAEs) · adults undergoing intra‐ and transperitoneal laparoscopic procedures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) changes short‐term serious adverse events (SAEs) compared with moderate NMB (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) vs shallow NMB

Short‐term serious adverse events (SAEs) · adults undergoing intra‐ and transperitoneal laparoscopic procedures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) changes short‐term serious adverse events (SAEs) compared with shallow NMB (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs other antibiotics

Non‐serious adverse events Maximum · people with leptospirosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes adverse events considered non‐serious (penicillin versus… compared with other antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs other antibiotics

Serious adverse events (nosocomial infection) (penicillin versus cefotaxime) · people with leptospirosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes serious adverse events (nosocomial infection) (penicillin versus… compared with other antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs other antibiotics

Serious adverse events (nosocomial infection) (penicillin versus doxycycline) · people with leptospirosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes serious adverse events (nosocomial infection) (penicillin versus… compared with other antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs other antibiotics

Serious adverse events (nosocomial infection) (doxycycline versus cefotaxime) · people with leptospirosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes serious adverse events (nosocomial infection) (doxycycline versus… compared with other antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs sham

Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy changes proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year compared with sham treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs endoscopic papillary balloon dilation

Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy changes proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year compared with endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review