Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

271 questions · 282 findings · 120 reviews

No studies found 54 · 19.1%GRADE not reported 16 · 5.7%Very low 81 · 28.7%Low 75 · 26.6%Moderate 39 · 13.8%High 17 · 6%

Casirivimab/imdevimab vs placebo

Serious adverse events until data cut‐offb · SARS‐CoV‐2 uninfected people without defined exposure, or with potential exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2

Casirivimab/imdevimab showed no clear difference in serious adverse events until data cut‐offb compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo

Proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events due to any cause · children and adults with predominantly mild to moderate asthma

Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin D showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

L‐ornithine L‐aspartate vs placebo or no intervention

Serious adverse events assessed using ICH‐GCP

It is very uncertain whether L‐ornithine L aspartate changes serious adverse events assessed using ICH‐GCP compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Serious adverse events during the trial period · all trials contributing results to the summary of findings table included people with mild disease (WHO scale 1 to 3)§

The intervention showed no clear difference in serious adverse events during the trial period (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Serious adverse events during the trial period · people with moderate to severe disease (WHO scale 4–9); all trials contributing results to the summary of findings table investigated…

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes serious adverse events during the trial period (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

L‐ornithine L‐aspartate vs placebo or no intervention

Non‐serious adverse events assessed using ICH‐GCP

It is very uncertain whether L‐ornithine L aspartate changes non‐serious adverse events assessed using ICH‐GCP compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Serious adverse events (SAEs) ‐ Network included 31 pairwise comparisons ‐ Mean risk with SUN across trials3 included in this network: 40.7% · people with a confirmed diagnosis of advanced renal cell carcinoma (combined risk groups) without previous systemic anticancer therapy

The intervention showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (SAEs) ‐ Network included 31 pairwise… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Induced hypertension vs placebo or no intervention

Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events · people with acute subarachnoid haemorrhage

It is very uncertain whether induced hypertension changes proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TDC vs medical therapy

Secondary outcome:total serious adverse events at the end of · people with patent foramen ovale and a history of cryptogenic stroke or transient ischemic attack

TDC showed no clear difference in secondary outcome:total serious adverse events at the end of compared with medical therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Heated tobacco use vs cigarette smoking

Serious adverse events – measured by self‐report and medical records · people who smoke

It is very uncertain whether heated tobacco use changes serious adverse events – measured by self‐report and medical records compared with cigarette smoking (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Serious adverse eventsClinical manifestation and laboratory examination · people with acute herpes zoster (within 7 days of onset of rash)

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes serious adverse eventsClinical manifestation and laboratory… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review