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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

61 questions · 61 findings · 30 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 19 · 31.1%GRADE not reported 2 · 3.3%Very low 18 · 29.5%Low 10 · 16.4%Moderate 7 · 11.5%High 5 · 8.2%

Prophylactic platelet transfusion prior to surgery vs no prophylactic platelet transfusion prior to surgery

All‐cause mortality within 30 days of surgery · people with a low platelet count

It is very uncertain whether prophylactic platelet transfusion prior to surgery changes all‐cause mortality within 30 days of surgery compared with no prophylactic platelet transfusion prior to surgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) vs surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS)

Surgically‐related postoperative mortality (28 days to 6 months of surgery4) · women with advanced ovarian epithelial cancer

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) leads to lower surgically‐related postoperative mortality (28 days to 6 months of… compared with surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic plasma transfusion before surgery/invasive procedures vs no prophylactic plasma transfusion before surgery/invasive procedures (colloid, crystalloid, placebo, or no treatment)

All‐cause mortality up to 30 days № of participants: 72 (1 RCT) · patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery/invasive procedures

It is very uncertain whether prophylactic plasma transfusion before surgery/invasive procedures changes all‐cause mortality up to 30 days № of participants: 72 (1 RCT) compared with no prophylactic plasma transfusion before surgery/invasive… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐blockers vs control—non‐cardiac surgery

All‐cause mortality (30 days)—non‐cardiac surgery · patients with conditions requiring non‐cardiac surgery

Beta‐blocker showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (30 days)—non‐cardiac surgery compared with control—non‐cardiac surgery (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic plasma transfusion before surgery/invasive procedures vs alternative haemostatic agents

All‐cause mortality up to 30 days ‐ not reported · patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery/invasive procedures

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

rHuEPO with iron vs control treatment with or without iron

Mortality (within 30 days after surgery) · adult participants, irrespective of gender and type of non‐cardiac surgery, with mild or severe preoperative anaemia

rHuEPO with iron showed no clear difference in mortality (within 30 days after surgery) compared with control treatment with or without iron (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐blockers vs control—cardiac surgery

All‐cause mortality (30 days)—cardiac surgery · patients with coronary heart disease and/or valvular heart disease

Beta‐blocker showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (30 days)—cardiac surgery compared with control—cardiac surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alpha2‐adrenergic agonist vs control

All‐cause mortality (within 30‐days after surgery: any reported death) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery

Alpha‐2 adrenergic agonists showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (within 30‐days after surgery: any reported death) compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) vs no RIPC

Composite endpoint (including all‐cause mortality, non‐fatal myocardial infarction and/or any new stroke assessed at 30 days after surgery) · people undergoing CABG (with or without valve surgery)

RIPC showed no clear difference in composite endpoint (including all‐cause mortality, non‐fatal… compared with no RIPC (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review