All‐cause mortality · (mainly older) adults with most types of displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (10 trials)
Surgical showed no clear difference in mortality compared with non‐surgical treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Long‐term mortality (binary outcome) All‐cause mortality for the duration of · patients with oesophageal cancer
Non‐surgical showed no clear difference in long‐term mortality (binary outcome) All‐cause mortality for the… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes) (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Short‐term mortality All‐cause mortality either in‐hospital or within 3 months · patients with oesophageal cancer
It is very uncertain whether non‐surgical changes short‐term mortality All‐cause mortality either in‐hospital or… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Long‐term mortality (time‐to‐event outcome): radiotherapy versus surgery All‐cause mortality for the duration of · patients with oesophageal cancer
It is very uncertain whether non‐surgical changes long‐term mortality (time‐to‐event outcome): radiotherapy versus… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Long‐term mortality (time‐to‐event outcome): chemoradiotherapy versus surgery All‐cause mortality for the duration of · patients with oesophageal cancer
Non‐surgical showed no clear difference in long‐term mortality (time‐to‐event outcome): chemoradiotherapy… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes) (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · people with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis
It is very uncertain whether surgical portosystemic shunts changes all‐cause mortality compared with devascularisation with splenectomy (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality at 30 days · people with cirrhotic portal hypertension
It is very uncertain whether surgical portosystemic shunts changes all‐cause mortality at 30 days compared with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality at 5 years · people with cirrhotic portal hypertension
It is very uncertain whether surgical portosystemic shunts changes all‐cause mortality at 5 years compared with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Surgically‐related postoperative mortality (28 days to 6 months of surgery4) · women with advanced ovarian epithelial cancer
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) leads to lower surgically‐related postoperative mortality (28 days to 6 months of… compared with surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · adults with severe aortic stenosis who are at a low surgical risk.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with surgical aortic valve replacement (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Mortality · Improving outcomes in older adult people admitted to a surgical service.
The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.85 [0.68, 1.05]
1316 participants
Moderate
All‐cause mortality · surgical trainees with limited prior laparoscopic experience
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · high‐risk surgical patients with acute calculous cholecystitis.
It is very uncertain whether intervention changes mortality compared with control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · adults with minimally displaced or displaced (2‐part or 3‐part) proximal humeral fractures treated non‐surgically (5 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · critically ill adults admitted to the ICU for trauma, emergency, or post‐surgical care; population excludes participants with acute…
Enteral showed no clear difference in mortality compared with parenteral nutrition (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · critically ill adults admitted to the ICU for trauma, emergency, or post‐surgical care; population excludes participants with acute…
Enteral showed no clear difference in mortality compared with enteral and parenteral nutrition (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Mortality · patients undergoing a surgical intervention that induces kidney injury
The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.86 [0.54, 1.37]
Studies not reported
High
Intervention not reported
All‐cause mortality · adults aged 18 years or over undergoing general anaesthesia for non‐cardiac or non‐neurosurgical elective operations
The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · people with malignant gastric outlet obstruction
It is very uncertain whether duodenal stenting changes all‐cause mortality compared with surgical palliation (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Postoperative mortality · people with surgical treatment for periampullary or pancreatic carcinoma
The intervention showed no clear difference in postoperative mortality (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review