Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

232 questions · 237 findings · 121 reviews

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No studies found 34 · 14.3%GRADE not reported 13 · 5.5%Very low 82 · 34.6%Low 66 · 27.8%Moderate 30 · 12.7%High 12 · 5.1%

Early open repair vs ultrasound surveillance

Mortality ( · small asymptomatic AAA

Early open repair leads to lower mortality ( compared with ultrasound surveillance (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for small asymptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysms 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.99
2 studies · 2226 participants
High

Early endovascular repair vs ultrasound surveillance

Mortality ( · small asymptomatic AAA

Early endovascular repair showed no clear difference in mortality ( compared with ultrasound surveillance (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for small asymptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysms 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.92 [0.73, 5.06]
2 studies · 846 participants
Low

The introduction of nursing assistive personnel (NAP) to the hospital workforce vs usual staffing

Patient mortality · patients admitted to a cardiovascular surgery/urology/ophthalmology unit, a kidney transplant/plastic surgery unit, an oncology unit, or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Hospital nurse‐staffing models and patient‐ and staff‐related outcomes 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Automated monitoring systems vs usual care

30‐day mortality* · people admitted to intensive care units

It is very uncertain whether automated monitoring systems changes 30‐day mortality* compared with standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Automated monitoring compared to standard care for the early detection of sepsis in critically ill patients 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Microwave coagulation vs conventional surgery

All‐cause mortality · people with liver metastases

1 finding from 1 review

Microwave coagulation for liver metastases 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported

NPWT vs the Bogota bag

All‐cause mortality · adults with an open abdomen after surgery who have not experienced trauma

It is very uncertain whether NPWT changes all‐cause mortality compared with the Bogota bag (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Negative pressure wound therapy for managing the open abdomen in non‐trauma patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.71 [0.27, 1.88]
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

Suprasorb CNP system vs the ABThera system

All‐cause mortality · adults with an open abdomen after surgery who have not experienced trauma

It is very uncertain whether suprasorb CNP system changes all‐cause mortality compared with the ABThera system (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Negative pressure wound therapy for managing the open abdomen in non‐trauma patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.33 [0.04, 2.89]
1 study · 34 participants
Very low

DDAVP vs placebo or usual care

All‐cause mortality · participants with platelet dysfunction undergoing surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Desmopressin use for minimising perioperative blood transfusion 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
0.72 [0.12, 4.22]
7 studies · 422 participants
Very low

DDAVP vs tranexamic acid (control)

All‐cause mortality · participants undergoing surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Desmopressin use for minimising perioperative blood transfusion 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

DDAVP vs aprotinin

All‐cause mortality · participants undergoing surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Desmopressin use for minimising perioperative blood transfusion 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 53 participants
Very low

DDAVP vs placebo or usual care

All‐cause mortality · participants undergoing surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Desmopressin use for minimising perioperative blood transfusion 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
1.09 [0.51, 2.34]
22 studies · 1631 participants
Low

Radiotherapy vs full axillary surgery

All‐cause mortality · women with operable primary breast cancer

Radiotherapy alone showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with full axillary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Axillary treatment for operable primary breast cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.1 [1, 1.21]
4 studies · 2469 participants
High

Axillary sampling vs full axillary surgery

All‐cause mortality · women with operable primary breast cancer

Axillary sampling showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with full axillary surgery (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Axillary treatment for operable primary breast cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.94 [0.73, 1.21]
3 studies · 967 participants
Low

Sentinel node biopsy vs full axillary surgery

All‐cause mortality · women with operable primary breast cancer

Sentinel node biopsy showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with full axillary surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Axillary treatment for operable primary breast cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.05 [0.89, 1.25]
3 studies · 6352 participants
Moderate

Active body surface warming systems vs control

All‐cause mortality · adults undergoing surgery

Active body surface warming systems showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Active body surface warming systems for preventing complications caused by inadvertent perioperative hypothermia in… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.26, 4]
2 studies · 500 participants
Low

CHRONIC: ACEi or ARB vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · Patients undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia receiving ACEIs or ARBs perioperatively

It is very uncertain whether ACEIs or ARBs changes all‐cause mortality compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers for preventing… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.61 [0.44, 5.85]
3 studies · 419 participants
Very low

Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection vs pancreaticoduodenectomy

Long‐term mortality · people requiring surgery for chronic pancreatitis

It is very uncertain whether duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection changes long‐term mortality compared with pancreaticoduodenectomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Duodenum‐preserving pancreatic resection versus pancreaticoduodenectomy for chronic pancreatitis 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.65 [0.31, 1.34]
4 studies · 229 participants
Very low

Laser ablation vs radiofrequency ablation

Mortality at maximal · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether laser ablation changes mortality at maximal compared with radiofrequency ablation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Management of people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.77 [0.85, 3.68]
1 study · 140 participants
Very low

Transarterial embolisation plus radiofrequency ablation vs radiofrequency ablation

Mortality at maximal · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether transarterial embolisation plus radiofrequency ablation changes mortality at maximal compared with radiofrequency ablation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Management of people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.12 [0.48, 2.58]
1 study · 44 participants
Very low

Transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection vs percutaneous alcohol injection

Mortality at maximal · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether transarterial embolisation plus percutaneous alcohol injection changes mortality at maximal compared with percutaneous alcohol injection (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Management of people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.81 [0.65, 1.01]
2 studies · 202 participants
Very low