Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

154 questions · 157 findings · 45 reviews

No studies found 40 · 25.5%GRADE not reported 31 · 19.7%Very low 24 · 15.3%Low 38 · 24.2%Moderate 23 · 14.6%High 1 · 0.6%

Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) vs Accelerated radiotherapy

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Split-course radiotherapy showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with accelerated radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Mixed beam (neutron and photon) radiotherapy vs Conventional photon radiotherapy

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Mixed beam (neutron and photon) radiotherapy showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with conventional photon radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Neutron radiotherapy vs Conventional photon radiotherapy

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Neutron radiotherapy showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with conventional photon radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Accelerated/split-course radiotherapy vs Conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Accelerated/split-course radiotherapy showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Lower total dose radiotherapy (67.2 Gy over 5.6 weeks) vs conventional dose RT

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Lower total dose radiotherapy (67.2 Gy over 5.6 weeks) showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with conventional/standard total dose radiotherapy (72 Gy); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pre-operative radiotherapy (plus surgery) vs surgery

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Pre-operative radiotherapy (plus surgery) showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with surgery alone; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Altered fractionation radiotherapy (hyperfractionated and/or accelerated) vs Conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Hyperfractionated/accelerated radiotherapy showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pre-operative and post-operative radiotherapy vs Post-operative radiotherapy alone

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Pre-operative and post-operative radiotherapy showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with post-operative radiotherapy alone; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention

Incidence of mortality · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (carbamazepine, yellow oleander, or combinations of different drugs)

It is very uncertain whether MDAC + hospital intervention changes incidence of mortality compared with SDAC + hospital intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

MDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention

Incidence of mortality · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (benzodiazepines, yellow oleander or combinations of different drugs)

MDAC + hospital intervention showed no clear difference in incidence of mortality compared with hospital intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention

Incidence of mortality · first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (not specified, tricyclic antidepressants, combinations of different drugs or yellow…

SDAC + hospital intervention showed no clear difference in incidence of mortality compared with hospital intervention alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Elective neck dissection (at time of primary tumour resection) vs Therapeutic (delayed) neck dissection

Mortality (overall survival) · Adults with oral cavity cancer (tongue or floor of mouth) and clinically negative neck nodes

Elective neck dissection (at time of primary tumour resection) probably leads to lower mortality (overall survival) compared with therapeutic (delayed) neck dissection (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Glucocorticoid with cyclophosphamide plus usual care vs placebo or usual care

All‐cause mortality at final · people with moderate to severe oral paraquat poisoning

Glucocorticoid with cyclophosphamide plus usual care may leads to lower all‐cause mortality at final compared with usual care (with or without placebo) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Transradial vs transfemoral approach

Short‐term all‐cause mortality · people with coronary artery disease undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention

Transradial leads to lower short‐term all‐cause mortality compared with transfemoral approach (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review