Cochrane · systematic review · CD013230
First aid interventions by laypeople for acute oral poisoning
Avau, B, Borra, V, Vanhove, AC, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2018 · Cochrane Library
InjuriesAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
42
current version
GRADE rated
25
No studies
17
Included studies
NR
No studies 17 · 40.5%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 14 · 33.3%Low 11 · 26.2%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
SDAC versus no intervention for first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning
Population: first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (paracetamol or not specified)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of mortality SDAC vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Incidence of adverse events SDAC vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 476 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Incidence and severity of symptoms of poisoning: incidence of clinical deterioration during stay in the hospital SDAC vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 451 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Duration of toxic symptoms SDAC vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Drug absorption SDAC vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Incidence of hospitalization SDAC vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Incidence of ICU admission SDAC vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 451 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
SDAC + hospital intervention versus hospital intervention alone for first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning
Population: first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (not specified, tricyclic antidepressants, combinations of different drugs or yellow oleander)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of mortality SDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention alone | Peto OR 1.04 [0.79, 1.37] | 2 studies · 3425 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Incidence of adverse events SDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention alone | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 4904 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Incidence and severity of symptoms of poisoning: incidence of need for intubation SDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention alone | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 3562 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Duration of toxic symptoms: duration of intubation (h) SDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention alone | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 2 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Drug absorption: cardenolide: AUC (µg/L) × h SDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention alone | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 68 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Incidence of hospitalization SDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention alone | RR 1.57 [1.22, 2.02] | 1 study · 1479 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Incidence of ICU admission SDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention alone | RR 2.33 [1.42, 3.82] | 1 study · 1479 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
MDAC + hospital intervention versus SDAC + hospital intervention for first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning
Population: first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (carbamazepine, yellow oleander, or combinations of different drugs)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of mortality MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention | RR 0.59 [0.21, 1.63] | 2 studies · 3476 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Incidence of adverse events MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention | Peto OR 3.55 [1.85, 6.79] | 2 studies · 3476 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Incidence and severity of symptoms of poisoning: incidence of need for intubation MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention | RR 1.01 [0.75, 1.38] | 2 studies · 3097 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Duration of toxic symptoms: duration of intubation (h) MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 2 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Drug absorption: cardenolide: AUC (µg × L/h) MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 64 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Incidence of hospitalization MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Incidence of ICU admission MDAC + hospital intervention vs SDAC + hospital intervention | RR 0.31 [0.12, 0.83] | 1 study · 401 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
SDAC versus syrup of ipecac for first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning
Population: first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (anti‐inflammatory drugs, analgesics or psychotropic drugs)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of mortality SDAC vs syrup of ipecac | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Incidence of adverse events SDAC vs syrup of ipecac | RR 1.24 [0.26, 5.83] | 1 study · 34 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Incidence and severity of symptoms of poisoning: level of coma SDAC vs syrup of ipecac | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 34 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Duration of toxic symptoms SDAC vs syrup of ipecac | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Drug absorption SDAC vs syrup of ipecac | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Incidence of hospitalization SDAC vs syrup of ipecac | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Incidence of ICU admission SDAC vs syrup of ipecac | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
MDAC + hospital intervention versus hospital intervention for first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning
Population: first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (benzodiazepines, yellow oleander or combinations of different drugs)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of mortality MDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention | RR 0.94 [0.72, 1.22] | 1 study · 3085 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Incidence of adverse events MDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention | RR 1.02 [0.52, 1.98] | 1 study · 3085 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Incidence and severity of symptoms of poisoning: incidence of need for intubation MDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention | RR 0.97 [0.71, 1.33] | 1 study · 3085 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Duration of toxic symptoms: length of intubation (h) MDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Drug absorption: cardenolide: AUC (µg/L × h) MDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 76 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Incidence of hospitalization MDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Incidence of ICU admission MDAC + hospital intervention vs hospital intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Syrup of ipecac versus no intervention for first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning
Population: first aid in patients with acute oral poisoning (toxic berries)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of mortality Syrup of ipecac vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Incidence of adverse events: diarrhoea Syrup of ipecac vs no intervention | RR 4.08 [1.66, 10.04] | 1 study · 103 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Incidence and severity of symptoms of poisoning Syrup of ipecac vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Duration of toxic symptoms Syrup of ipecac vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Drug absorption Syrup of ipecac vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hospitalization: incidence of hospitalization Syrup of ipecac vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 103 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
ICU admission Syrup of ipecac vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |