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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

155 questions · 159 findings · 87 reviews

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No studies found 18 · 11.3%GRADE not reported 7 · 4.4%Very low 42 · 26.4%Low 44 · 27.7%Moderate 41 · 25.8%High 7 · 4.4%

Glutamine‐supplemented nutrition vs non‐supplemented nutrition

Long‐term mortality (closest to six month) · critically ill patients or receiving major surgery

Glutamine‐supplemented nutrition showed no clear difference in long‐term mortality (closest to six month) compared with non‐supplemented nutrition (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants vs standard diet or placebo

Mortality within the longest · adults (aged 18 years or older), mechanically ventilated participants with ARDS as defined by the Berlin definition of ARDS or, for older…

Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (longest period reported) compared with placebo or standard nutrition (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Levosimendan vs placebo

All‐cause long‐term mortality: range 4 to 6 months · adults with cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome

It is very uncertain whether levosimendan changes all‐cause long‐term mortality: range 4 to 6 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Physical and cognitive therapy vs usual care

In‐hospital mortality at 30 days or at the longest · critically ill patients 18 years or older treated for respiratory failure or septic or both, cardiogenic or haemorrhagic shock who resided…

It is very uncertain whether physical and cognitive therapy changes in‐hospital mortality at 30 days or at the longest compared with standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tiotropium vs long‐acting beta‐agonists

Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history

It is very uncertain whether tiotropium changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with long‐acting beta‐agonists (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Levosimendan vs dobutamine

All‐cause long‐term mortality: range 4 to 12 months · people with cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome

Levosimendan showed no clear difference in all‐cause long‐term mortality: range 4 to 12 months compared with dobutamine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: Any alternative model of care vs usual care

Has died · Nursing home residents (mean age 78.3 to 86.0 years; more than 66% women; 62.1% to 87.3% with dental prostheses)

Summary of findings: Any alternative model of care showed no clear difference in mortality: proportion of residents who died at longest compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Complete revascularisation vs culprit‐only revascularisation

Long‐term all‐cause mortality (≥ 1 year after the intervention) · people with STEMI and MVD.

It is very uncertain whether complete revascularisation changes long‐term all‐cause mortality (≥ 1 year after the intervention) compared with culprit‐only revascularisation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mortality: prone position vs supine

Subgroup analysis of longer‐term mortality: ARDS onlyAlive or dead · adults with acute respiratory failure

Mortality: prone position showed no clear difference in subgroup analysis of longer‐term mortality: ARDS onlyAlive or dead compared with supine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Complete revascularisation vs culprit‐only revascularisation

Cardiovascular mortality · people with STEMI and MVD.

It is very uncertain whether complete revascularisation changes long‐term cardiovascular mortality (≥ 1 year after the intervention) compared with culprit‐only revascularisation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mortality: prone position vs supine

Subgroup analysis of longer‐term mortality: severe hypoxaemiaAlive or dead · adults with acute respiratory failure

Mortality: prone position probably leads to lower subgroup analysis of longer‐term mortality: severe hypoxaemiaAlive… compared with supine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mortality: prone position vs supine

Subgroup analysis of longer‐term mortality: ≥ 16 hours/d proneAlive or dead · adults with acute respiratory failure

Mortality: prone position probably leads to lower subgroup analysis of longer‐term mortality: ≥ 16 hours/d proneAlive… compared with supine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐surgical vs surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes)

Long‐term mortality (binary outcome) All‐cause mortality for the duration of · patients with oesophageal cancer

Non‐surgical showed no clear difference in long‐term mortality (binary outcome) All‐cause mortality for the… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Mortality: prone position vs supine

Subgroup analysis of longer‐term mortality: lower tidal volume ventilationAlive or dead · adults with acute respiratory failure

Mortality: prone position probably leads to lower subgroup analysis of longer‐term mortality: lower tidal volume… compared with supine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review