What do systematic reviews say?

Anti‐IL‐4Rα mAb (dupilumab) vs placebo (on top of topical steroids)

• Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 766 participants
  Moderate

Immune checkpoint inhibitors vs any first‐line chemotherapy

• Immunotherapy for advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 393 participants
  Moderate

Immune checkpoint inhibitors vs any second‐line chemotherapy

• Immunotherapy for advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 727 participants
  Low

Recombinant human thyrotropin‐aided radioiodine vs radioiodine

• Recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH)‐aided radioiodine treatment for non‐toxic multinodular goitre 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 85 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

• Interventions for congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 2 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Total or near‐total thyroidectomy vs subtotal thyroidectomy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Total or near‐total thyroidectomy versus subtotal thyroidectomy for multinodular non‐toxic goitre in adults 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Probiotics vs 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine)

• Probiotics for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 222 participants
  Low

Anti‐IL‐5 mAb (mepolizumab) vs placebo (on top of topical steroids)

• Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 105 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Contact immunotherapy (diphencyprone or squaric acid dibutil ester) vs hair growth stimulants (minoxidil)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Treatments for alopecia areata: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Canakinumab vs triamcinolone acetonide

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interleukin‐1 inhibitors for acute gout 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Cannabis vs placebo

• Cannabis and cannabinoids for symptomatic treatment for people with multiple sclerosis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 1942 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) modulators for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 128 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in health‐related quality of life scores, measured by SF‐36 (range 0 to… (low certainty).

• Surgical versus medical interventions for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 0.6
  1 study · 95 participants
  Low