Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

59 questions · 62 findings · 25 reviews

No studies found 1 · 1.6%GRADE not reported 5 · 8.1%Very low 28 · 45.2%Low 17 · 27.4%Moderate 11 · 17.7%High 0 · 0%

Evidence‐based psychological interventions vs any comparator

Evidence‐based psychological interventions versus any comparator (Universal programmes) ‐ self‐rated depression scores (higher score is equivalent to a poorer outcome) · Children or adolescents
1 finding from 1 review

Resilience interventions vs controls

Mental health and well‐being: depressionMeasured by: investigators measured depression using different instruments; lower scores mean lower depression Timing of outcome assessment: post‐intervention · healthcare students, including students in training for health professions delivering direct medical care (e.g. medical students, nursing…
1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Community professional‐led interventions vs no care

Depression symptoms (1 to 6 months post intervention) Beck Depression Inventorye; Oxford Measure of Psychosocial Adjustmentd (higher score = higher severity) · children/adolescents with post‐traumatic stress and related depressive/anxiety symptoms
1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions vs usual care

Depression symptoms ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) GHQ‐12a; PHQ‐9d,e,f; self‐reporting questionnaireh (higher score = higher severity) · adults with post‐traumatic stress and CMDs
1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions vs usual care

Severity of CMD symptoms (including anxiety and depression) ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) Measured by PHQ‐9a,d,f; SRQ‐20b (higher score, higher severity) · adults with common mental disorders
1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led psychosocial interventions vs enhanced usual care

Depression symptoms ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) GHQ‐12a; PHQ‐9d,e,f; self‐reporting questionnaireh (higher score = higher severity) · women with perinatal depression
1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions vs usual care or no treatment

Depression symptoms (1 to 6 months post intervention) Hopkins Symptom Checklist ‐ depression (higher score = higher severity) · adults with post‐traumatic stress or common mental disorders

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐led psychological interventions changes depression symptoms (1 to 6 months post intervention) Hopkins… compared with usual or no care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐led or collaborative care vs usual or enhanced care

Depressive symptoms · women with perinatal depression

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐led collaborative care interventions changes depression symptoms ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post… compared with usual or enhanced care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depression (IPT‐D) vs Other Psychological Interventions

Depression score · co‐occurring depression and substance use disorders
2 findings from 1 review