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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

394 questions · 795 findings · 66 reviews · Dental caries

No studies found 5 · 0.6%GRADE not reported 753 · 94.7%Very low 31 · 3.9%Low 4 · 0.5%Moderate 2 · 0.3%High 0 · 0%

Intervention not reported

Dental caries in permanent teeth · Children (permanent dentition) worldwide

In Africa, the pooled prevalence of permanent-teeth caries in children was 58.9% (95% CI 29.4 to 83.1); certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Dental caries in permanent teeth · Children (permanent dentition) worldwide

In Europe, the pooled prevalence of permanent-teeth caries in children was 44.1% (95% CI 36.1 to 52.5); certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Dental caries in permanent teeth · Children (permanent dentition) worldwide

In Australia, the pooled estimate of permanent-teeth caries prevalence in children was 54.9% (95% CI 50.9 to 58.8) from a single study; certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Dental caries in permanent teeth · Children (permanent dentition) worldwide

The pooled worldwide prevalence of dental caries in permanent teeth in children was 53.8% (95% CI 50.0 to 57.5), with very high heterogeneity (I2=99.8%); certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Dental caries in permanent teeth · Children (permanent dentition) worldwide

In the Americas, the pooled prevalence of permanent-teeth caries in children was 48.9% (95% CI 37.6 to 60.3); certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Dental caries in permanent teeth · Children (permanent dentition) worldwide

In Asia, the pooled prevalence of permanent-teeth caries in children was 58.8% (95% CI 53.4 to 64.0); certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Slum / urban-disadvantaged setting vs Non-slum urban / general-urban / national population

Caries experience (mean DMFT) · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs

Mean DMFT ranges from 0.26 to 16.6 across LMIC urban/slum populations; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

ADGRL2 gene (aggregate gene-based signal, MAGMA) vs Genome-wide gene background (FDR threshold)

Dental caries (self-reported history) · Japanese adults (present-study direct-to-consumer genetic testing cohort); self-reported disease cases vs controls

Gene-based analysis found ADGRL2 significantly associated with dental caries (FDR q<0.05); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies two novel loci associated with dental caries. 2024 All outcomes
    Lifelong (germline genotype) · Population-based genetic association study (Japanese direct-to-consumer genetic testing cohort) · MAGMA gene-based test (present study)
    Gene-based association analysis (MAGMA): ADGRL2 was the only gene associated with dental caries at false-discovery-rate q<0.05 (no effect size reported).
    1 study · 45525 participants
    GRADE not reported

Disability (developmental, intellectual, or sensory) vs Persons without disabilities

Dental caries prevalence and severity · Persons with disabilities (children and adults with autism, Down syndrome, cerebral palsy, hearing impairment, or multiple disabilities)…

Dental caries prevalence and severity are high among persons with disabilities in Saudi Arabia (60% to over 80%), and the one comparative autism study reported significantly higher caries than controls; synthesized narratively (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

High-frequency sugar consumption (three or more times daily) vs Low sugar intake (fewer than three times daily)

Dental caries prevalence · Nigerian individuals, including children and adults, with primary or permanent dentition

High-frequency sugar consumption was associated with 18% higher but non-significant odds of dental caries in Nigeria (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.59; I2=36%; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy

Dental caries prevalence and severity · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No significant difference in dental caries/severity between ART regimens (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school-based interventions (one or more of: school health policy, oral health education, healthy school environment, access to oral health services, community involvement) vs usual practice

Dental caries · Primary school children (aged 3-16 years) attending primary school in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)

Among children aged 6-8 years, DMFT scores were significantly reduced (SMD -0.11); subgroup not separately GRADE-rated.

8 findings from 1 review
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Illicit drug use vs People who do not use drugs

DMFT/DMFS index (dental caries experience) · People who use drugs (PWUD): methamphetamine, heroin, opiate, cannabis and cocaine users

Illicit drug use was associated with substantially higher odds of dental caries experience (DMFT) (pooled OR 4.11, 95% CI 2.07-8.15; 7 studies; high heterogeneity I2=90.5%; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Breastfeeding for <4 months vs Breastfeeding for ≥4 months

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Preschool children (<6 years)

Breastfeeding for <4 vs ≥4 months was not significantly associated with early childhood caries (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.80-1.13; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Breastfeeding for <6 months vs Breastfeeding for ≥6 months

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Preschool children (<6 years)

In cohort studies, breastfeeding for <6 vs ≥6 months was not significantly associated with early childhood caries (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.88-1.06; ungraded).

2 findings from 1 review