Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

20 questions · 20 findings · 6 reviews · Stroke

No studies found 1 · 5%GRADE not reported 1 · 5%Very low 4 · 20%Low 4 · 20%Moderate 6 · 30%High 4 · 20%

Cilostazol vs aspirin

Death · adults within 180 days of non‐cardioembolic ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack and a clinical history of prior intracerebral…

Summary of findings table ‐ Cilostazol showed no clear difference in death compared with aspirin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Starting long‐term oral antiplatelet therapy vs avoiding antithrombotic therapy

Death · survivors of stroke due to intracerebral haemorrhage

Summary of findings table ‐ Starting long‐term oral antiplatelet… showed no clear difference in death compared with avoiding antithrombotic therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Starting short‐term prophylactic dose anticoagulation vs avoiding anticoagulation

Death · survivors of stroke due to intracerebral haemorrhage

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Starting short‐term prophylactic dose… changes death compared with avoiding anticoagulation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Starting long‐term therapeutic dose oral anticoagulation vs avoiding anticoagulation

Death · survivors of stroke due to intracerebral haemorrhage with atrial fibrillation

Summary of findings table ‐ Starting long‐term therapeutic dose oral… showed no clear difference in death compared with avoiding anticoagulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ More time vs less time

Serious adverse events/death: medium‐term outcomes · rehabilitation (medium‐term outcomes)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ More time changes serious adverse events/death: medium‐term outcomes compared with less time (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Platelet transfusion vs open control

Death from any cause · adults with acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage associated with antiplatelet drug use

Summary of findings table ‐ Platelet transfusion showed no clear difference in death from any cause compared with open control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Anticoagulant vs control

Death during study period · acute presumed ischaemic stroke

Summary of findings table ‐ Anticoagulant showed no clear difference in death from all causes during treatment period compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs placebo/open control

Death from any cause · adults with acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage

Summary of findings table ‐ Antifibrinolytic drug(s) showed no clear difference in death from any cause compared with placebo/open control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Platelet transfusion vs open control

Death or dependence (mRS 4 to 6) at day 90 · adults with acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage associated with antiplatelet drug use

Summary of findings table ‐ Platelet transfusion probably leads to higher death or dependence (mRS 4–6) compared with open control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Prothrombin complex concentrates vs fresh frozen plasma

Death from any cause · adults with acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage associated with anticoagulant drug use

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Prothrombin complex concentrates changes death from any cause compared with fresh frozen plasma (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Recombinant activated factor VII vs placebo/open control

Death from any cause · adults with acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage

Summary of findings table ‐ Recombinant activated factor VII showed no clear difference in death from any cause compared with placebo/open control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs placebo/open control

Death or dependence (mRS 4 to 6) at day 90 · adults with acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage

Summary of findings table ‐ Antifibrinolytic drug(s) showed no clear difference in death or dependence (mRS 4–6) compared with placebo/open control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS FOR DECOMPRESSION vs medical treatment

Death or severe disability (mRS > 4) at 6 to 12 months · malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke

Summary of findings table ‐ surgical decompression leads to lower death or severe disability (mRS > 4) at 6 to 12 months compared with medical treatment alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS FOR DECOMPRESSION vs medical treatment

Death or moderate disability (mRS > 3) at 6 to 12 months · malignant cerebral oedema after ischaemic stroke

Summary of findings table ‐ surgical decompression probably leads to lower death or moderate disability (mRS > 3) at 6 to 12 months compared with medical treatment alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Recombinant activated factor VII vs placebo/open control

Death or dependence (mRS 4 to 6) at day 90 · adults with acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage

Summary of findings table ‐ Recombinant activated factor VII showed no clear difference in death or dependence (mRS 4–6) compared with placebo/open control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Prothrombin complex concentrates vs fresh frozen plasma

Death or dependence (mRS 4 to 6) at day 90 · adults with acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage associated with anticoagulant drug use

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Prothrombin complex concentrates changes death or dependence (mRS 4–6) compared with fresh frozen plasma (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review