What do systematic reviews say?

Minoxidil vs placebo

• Interventions for female pattern hair loss 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 260 participants
  Low

Psychological therapies (cognitive therapy) vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes

  short-term (up to 3 months)
  SoF8: No included study reported change in QoL.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Gabapentin vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes

  short-term (up to 3 months)
  SoF2: No included studies reported change in QoL.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Bethanechol vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes

  short-term (up to 3 months)
  SoF4: No included studies reported change in QoL.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Low‐level laser therapy vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether electromagnetic radiation (low-level laser therapy) changes change in quality of life (QoL) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes

  short-term (up to 3 months)
  MD -5.24 [-7.38, -3.09]
  1 study · 58 participants
  Very low

Dietary supplements (hypericum perforatum / St John's Wort) vs placebo

• Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes

  short-term (up to 3 months) · hypericum perforatum
  Sardella 2008 (43 participants) evaluated QoL from patient self-reports and narratively indicated that both intervention and placebo participants were better able to cope at trial completion.
  1 study · 43 participants
  GRADE not reported

Dietary supplements (lycopene) vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether dietary supplements (lycopene) changes change in quality of life (QoL) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes

  short-term (up to 3 months) · lycopene
  MD 0.93 [-3.14, 5.00]
  1 study · 50 participants
  Very low

Physical barriers (tongue protector) vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether physical barriers (tongue protector) changes change in quality of life (QoL) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes

  short-term (up to 3 months)
  MD -9.20 [-26.90, 8.50]
  1 study · 50 participants
  Very low

Antidepressants (trazodone 200 mg/day) vs placebo

• Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes

  short-term (up to 3 months)
  SoF1. Change in QoL short-term (mean Beck Depression Inventory, 0-63, lower better): this single study narratively reported that both intervention and placebo participants were less depressed at trial completion, but…
  1 study · 37 participants
  Very low

Anticholinergic medication vs placebo

Anticholinergics showed no clear difference in mean change from baseline in condition‐specific quality of lifeScale… compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Oral anticholinergic drugs versus placebo or no treatment for managing overactive bladder syndrome in adults 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 4.41
  12 studies · 6804 participants
  Low

ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Zuclopenthixol versus placebo for schizophrenia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

ZUCLOPENTHIXOL DECANOATE vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Zuclopenthixol versus placebo for schizophrenia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Zuclopenthixol versus placebo for schizophrenia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Oral azithromycin vs placebo

• Macrolide antibiotics (including azithromycin) for cystic fibrosis 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 177 participants
  Moderate

Finasteride vs placebo

• Interventions for female pattern hair loss 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Bisphosphonates vs placebo or no treatment

• Treatment for osteoporosis in people with beta‐thalassaemia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 118 participants
  Very low

Inhaled corticosteroids vs placebo

• Inhaled corticosteroids for cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 23 participants
  Low

Aspirin plus antipsychotics vs placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) for schizophrenia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Mirtazapine adjunct vs placebo adjunct

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Mirtazapine adjunct for people with schizophrenia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Alpha‐lipoic acid vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Alpha‐lipoic acid for diabetic peripheral neuropathy 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found