Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

34 questions · 36 findings · 22 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 4 · 11.1%GRADE not reported 5 · 13.9%Very low 3 · 8.3%Low 9 · 25%Moderate 8 · 22.2%High 7 · 19.4%

Magnesium sulphate vs placebo (outcomes

Cerebral palsy · women at risk of preterm birth (< 34 weeks' gestation)

Magnesium sulphate leads to lower cerebral palsy (up to 2 years' corrected age)** compared with placebo (outcomes (high certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment

Cerebral palsy · preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids leads to higher cerebral palsy at latest reported age compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Individual tailored vs continuous tapered dexamethasone regimen

Death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Individual tailored showed no clear difference in death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years compared with continuous tapered dexamethasone regimen (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower vs higher cumulative dose dexamethasone regimen

Death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Lower showed no clear difference in death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years compared with higher cumulative dose dexamethasone regimen (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Later vs earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy

Death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Later showed no clear difference in death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years compared with earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic corticosteroids vs placebo or control

Cerebral palsy · preterm infants with chronic lung disease

Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) showed no clear difference in cerebral palsy ‐ at latest reported age compared with control (placebo or nothing) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review