Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

135 questions · 230 findings · 32 reviews

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 208 · 90.4%Very low 13 · 5.7%Low 6 · 2.6%Moderate 3 · 1.3%High 0 · 0%

Intervention not reported

Dental caries prevalence · Children (<12 years) and adolescents (12-18 years) with type 1 diabetes

The pooled prevalence of dental caries among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes was 67% (95% CI 0.56 to 0.77), with high heterogeneity (I2=83%); certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Dental caries prevalence · Children (<12 years) and adolescents (12-18 years) with type 1 diabetes

Caries prevalence in the single North American study was 64% (95% CI 0.52 to 0.74); certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Dental caries prevalence · Children (<12 years) and adolescents (12-18 years) with type 1 diabetes

Caries prevalence was lower in those with mean age >10 years at 57% (95% CI 0.45 to 0.68); certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Dental caries prevalence · Children (<12 years) and adolescents (12-18 years) with type 1 diabetes

Caries prevalence was higher in those with mean age <=10 years at 80% (95% CI 0.74 to 0.85); certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Dental caries prevalence · Children (<12 years) and adolescents (12-18 years) with type 1 diabetes

Caries prevalence among those with poor metabolic control was 66% (95% CI 0.43 to 0.83); certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Secondary (passive/secondhand) smoking exposure during childhood vs No secondary smoking exposure

Caries prevalence (early childhood caries) · Preschool children aged <=71 months (caries outcome assessed at 3-6 years)

Preschool children exposed to secondary smoking have higher odds of caries prevalence (OR 1.77), but the cross-sectional evidence is very uncertain (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Not applicable (single-group prevalence) vs Not applicable

Dental caries prevalence · Children aged 12 years (plus or minus one year) in Africa

The pooled dental-caries prevalence was 0.3657 (95% CI 0.3065 to 0.4250); GRADE was not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Socioeconomic status category vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Low SES prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 36% of children with caries in LMICs were of low SES (pooled prevalence 0.359, 95% CI 0.167 to 0.578; 4 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Socioeconomic status category vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

High SES prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 25% of children with caries in LMICs were of high SES (pooled prevalence 0.245, 95% CI 0.162 to 0.339; 5 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Female sex vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Female sex prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

Among children with caries in LMICs, about half were female (pooled prevalence 0.497, 95% CI 0.475 to 0.519; 6 studies; I2=0%; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Socioeconomic status category vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Middle SES prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 35% of children with caries in LMICs were of middle SES (pooled prevalence 0.353, 95% CI 0.180 to 0.550; 7 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Good brushing habits (>=2 daily tooth brushing) vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Good brushing habits prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 57% of children with caries in LMICs had good brushing habits (pooled prevalence 0.569, 95% CI 0.354 to 0.771; 7 studies; very high heterogeneity; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpaste vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Fluoride toothpaste use prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 39% of children with caries in LMICs used fluoride toothpaste (pooled prevalence 0.391, 95% CI 0.166 to 0.644; 2 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Maternal education attainment vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Primary maternal education prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 42% of children with caries in LMICs had mothers with primary education (pooled prevalence 0.425, 95% CI 0.280 to 0.576; 7 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review