Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

231 questions · 242 findings · 123 reviews

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No studies found 27 · 11.2%GRADE not reported 14 · 5.8%Very low 59 · 24.4%Low 77 · 31.8%Moderate 44 · 18.2%High 21 · 8.7%

Hydroxyurea vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · people with sickle cell disease

1 finding from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Interventions for chronic kidney disease in people with sickle cell disease 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 193 participants
Low

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · people with sickle cell disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for chronic kidney disease in people with sickle cell disease 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Erythromycin plus nasogastric tube lavage vs no intervention/placebo plus nasogastric tube lavage

All‐cause mortality · people with acute UGIH

It is very uncertain whether erythromycin plus nasogastric tube lavage changes all‐cause mortality compared with no intervention/placebo plus nasogastric tube lavage (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 238 participants
Very low

Erythromycin vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · people with acute UGIH

It is very uncertain whether erythromycin changes all‐cause mortality compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Erythromycin prior to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RD 0
3 studies · 255 participants
Very low

Anticoagulant vs placebo or no treatment

All‐cause mortality · non‐hospitalised individuals with COVID‐19 (asymptomatic and mild disease)

Anticoagulant showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic anticoagulants for non‐hospitalised people with COVID‐19 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.36 [0.04, 3.61]
5 studies · 1777 participants
Low

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

All‐cause mortality · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or usual care (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.88 [0.83, 0.93]
19 studies · 1202382 participants
High

Inhaled corticosteroids plus standard care vs placebo or usual care

All‐cause mortality · adults with a confirmed diagnosis of mild COVID‐19, of whom only 10% (219/2132) participants had received ≥ 1 vaccination

Inhaled corticosteroids plus standard care showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with standard care (with or without placebo) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids for the treatment of COVID‐19 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.61 [0.22, 1.67]
3 studies · 2132 participants
Low

BBIBP‐CorV – Sinopharm‐Beijing vs placebo

All‐cause mortality

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Coenzyme Q10 vs placebo or conventional therapy

All‐cause mortality · patients with heart failure

Coenzyme Q10 probably leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or conventional therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Coenzyme Q10 for heart failure 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.58 [0.35, 0.95]
1 study · 420 participants
Moderate

Vitamin D vs placebo or no intervention

All‐cause mortality · people with chronic liver diseases

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D supplementation for chronic liver diseases in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.51, 1.45]
27 studies · 1979 participants
Very low

Antihypertensive drug therapy vs placebo or no treatment

All‐cause mortality · adults (18 years of age or older) with hypertension‐induced left ventricular hypertrophy

It is very uncertain whether antihypertensive therapy changes all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacotherapy for hypertension‐induced left ventricular hypertrophy 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.74, 1.4]
3 studies · 930 participants
Very low

Folic acid supplements alone vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · adult men and women who had been exposed to arsenic‐containing drinking water

1 finding from 1 review

Provision of folic acid for reducing arsenic toxicity in arsenic‐exposed children and adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) vs placebo or no treatment

All‐cause mortality · patients with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐blockers and inhibitors of the renin‐angiotensin aldosterone system for chronic heart failure with preserved… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.91 [0.78, 1.06]
5 studies · 4207 participants
Moderate

GLP‐1RA vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both)

GLP‐1RA leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.88 [0.82, 0.95]
7 studies · 46393 participants
High

SGLT2i vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both)

SGLT2i probably leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.84 [0.74, 0.96]
5 studies · 24962 participants
Moderate

DPP4i vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both)

DPP4i showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.03 [0.96, 1.11]
6 studies · 47968 participants
High

EDTA vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

EDTA showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chelation therapy for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.97 [0.73, 1.28]
2 studies · 1792 participants
Low

Lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with probiotics vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with… changes all‐cause mortality compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Enteral lactoferrin supplementation for prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.58 [0.3, 1.13]
2 studies · 671 participants
Very low

Pine bark extract vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · children with ADHD

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Pine bark extract vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · adults with CVD

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found