Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

231 questions · 242 findings · 123 reviews

No studies found 27 · 11.2%GRADE not reported 14 · 5.8%Very low 59 · 24.4%Low 77 · 31.8%Moderate 44 · 18.2%High 21 · 8.7%

Beclometasone vs placebo

Mortality (all‐cause) (dichotomous Peto method) · participants with stable stage 2 and 3 COPD (mainly FEV1 49 ± 12% predicted), ex‐smokers (majority), smokers and non‐smokers

It is very uncertain whether beclometasone changes mortality (all‐cause) (dichotomous Peto method) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tocilizumab every 4 weeks vs placebo

Proportion of all‐cause mortality at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis

Tocilizumab every 4 weeks showed no clear difference in proportion of all‐cause mortality at ≥ 12 months compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Glutamine vs placebo

All‐cause mortality at 100 days post‐transplant · People undergoing stem cell transplant with haematological malignancies

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Glutamine changes all‐cause mortality at 100 days post‐transplant ( compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ursodeoxycholic acid vs placebo or no treatment

All‐cause mortality at 100 days post‐transplant · Patients undergoing stem cell transplant with malignant and non‐malignant diseases

Summary of findings: Ursodeoxycholic acid may leads to lower all‐cause mortality at 100 days post‐transplant ( compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Levosimendan vs placebo

All‐cause long‐term mortality: range 4 to 6 months · adults with cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome

It is very uncertain whether levosimendan changes all‐cause long‐term mortality: range 4 to 6 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IVIg vs placebo or no intervention

28‐Day all cause mortality (adult studies) · adult patients with sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock

Polyclonal intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) probably leads to lower all‐cause mortality, adults, standard polyclonal IVIG compared with placebo or no intervention (moderate certainty).

5 findings from 1 review
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IVIg vs placebo or no intervention

All‐cause mortality, neonates, standard polyclonal IVIG · neonates with sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock

Polyclonal intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality, neonates, standard polyclonal IVIG compared with placebo or no intervention (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Monoclonal antibodies vs placebo

All‐cause mortality a. Intervention vs metformin [a. 24 weeks to 4 years] b. Intervention vs thiazolidinediones [b. 24 weeks to 4 years] c. Intervention vs insulin [c. 9 months to 10 years] d. Intervention vs incretin‐based control [d. 52 weeks to... · patients with sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock

Monoclonal antibodies showed no clear difference in anti‐endotoxin, all‐cause mortality ‐ unclear risk of bias compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Human recombinant activated protein C vs placebo

28‐Day all‐cause mortality (adult and paediatric patients) · patients with severe sepsis or septic shock

Human recombinant activated protein C showed no clear difference in 28‐Day all‐cause mortality (adult and paediatric patients) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review