Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

191 questions · 195 findings · 48 reviews

No studies found 67 · 34.4%GRADE not reported 24 · 12.3%Very low 72 · 36.9%Low 27 · 13.8%Moderate 5 · 2.6%High 0 · 0%

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes adverse events: death (secondary outcome) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Gastrointestinal adverse events · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes adverse events: all ‐ gastrointestinal effects (e.g. constipation,… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Adverse effects (central nervous system) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes adverse events: all ‐ central nervous system events (e.g. confusion,… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Adverse events (control ‐ placebo) · young people
3 findings from 1 review

Antidepressants vs placebo

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (Analysis 1.14) · people with stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions (antidepressants) changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment Analysis 1.12 compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

acceptability ‐ drop‐outs due to adverse events: post‐intervention · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes acceptability ‐ drop‐outs due to adverse events: post‐intervention compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Body awareness interventions vs control

Adverse events · spatial neglect or inattention following stroke and other adult‐acquired non‐progressive brain injury

It is very uncertain whether body awareness interventions changes adverse events compared with any control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive brain stimulation and pharmacological intervention (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single)

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation… changes adverse events: death (secondary outcome) compared with a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive brain stimulation and pharmacological intervention (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single)

Adverse events: all ‐ central nervous system events (e.g. headache, seizures) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation… changes adverse events: all ‐ central nervous system events (e.g. headache,… compared with a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive brain stimulation and pharmacological intervention (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single)

Adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g. dysuria, neck pain, eye discomfort) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation… changes adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g.… compared with a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review