Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

193 questions · 195 findings · 93 reviews

No studies found 39 · 20%GRADE not reported 18 · 9.2%Very low 50 · 25.6%Low 40 · 20.5%Moderate 33 · 16.9%High 15 · 7.7%

Enteral vs parenteral nutrition

Adverse events ‐ pneumonia · critically ill adults admitted to the ICU for trauma, emergency, or post‐surgical care; population excludes participants with acute…

Enteral showed no clear difference in adverse events: pneumonia (as reported by study authors at end of… compared with parenteral nutrition (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Enteral vs enteral and parenteral nutrition

Adverse events: aspiration (as reported by study authors at end of study · critically ill adults admitted to the ICU for trauma, emergency, or post‐surgical care; population excludes participants with acute…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Enteral vs parenteral nutrition

Adverse events: aspiration (as reported by study authors at end of study · critically ill adults admitted to the ICU for trauma, emergency, or post‐surgical care; population excludes participants with acute…

It is very uncertain whether enteral changes adverse events: aspiration (as reported by study authors at end of… compared with parenteral nutrition (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol vs formoterol

Non‐fatal serious adverse events · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol showed no clear difference in non‐fatal serious adverse events compared with formoterol (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol vs aclidinium alone

Non‐fatal serious adverse events · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol showed no clear difference in non‐fatal serious adverse events compared with aclidinium alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cyclosporin vs mycophenolate mofetil with pulse dexamethasone

Adverse effects (weeks 0 to 26): serious infection requiring hospitalisation · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

Cyclosporin showed no clear difference in adverse events (weeks 0 to 26): serious infection requiring… compared with mycophenolate mofetil with pulse dexamethasone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or no intervention

Adverse events ‐ Nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin D3 combined with calcium · healthy participants or recruited among the general population; individuals diagnosed with a specific disease in a stable phase or with…

Vitamin D may leads to higher adverse events: nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin… compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events (number of adverse events/person/year) · adults (> 18 years of age) with either COPD or recurrent acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis

The intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events (number of adverse events/person/year) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events, any (endpoints fall between 1 6 six months) · Any individual experiencing recurrent aggressive outbursts or episodes
1 finding from 1 review