Cochrane · systematic review · CD003794
Combined corticosteroid and long‐acting beta₂‐agonist in one inhaler versus placebo for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Nannini, LJ, Poole, P, Milan, SJ, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2013 · Cochrane Library
AirwaysAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
15
current version
GRADE rated
15
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 11 · 73.3%Moderate 4 · 26.7%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Combined inhalers versus placebo (primary outcomes) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Population: patients with COPD
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Annual exacerbation rates Combined inhalers vs placebo (primary outcomes) | Rate ratio 0.73 [0.69, 0.78] | 7473 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Participants with at least one exacerbation Duration of six months3 Combined inhalers vs placebo (primary outcomes) | OR 0.78 [0.66, 0.93] | 3141 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Mortality Duration of 18 months3 Combined inhalers vs placebo (primary outcomes) | OR 0.82 [0.68, 0.99] | 16 studies · 10129 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Pneumonia Duration of 18 months3 Combined inhalers vs placebo (primary outcomes) | OR 1.62 [1.36, 1.94] | 14 studies · 9620 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Hospitalisations due to COPD exacerbations Duration of 18 months3 Combined inhalers vs placebo (primary outcomes) | OR 0.93 [0.81, 1.06] | 12 studies · 9492 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Fluticasone/salmeterol (FPS) versus placebo for COPD
Population: patients with COPD
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Adverse events—any Duration of two years1 Fluticasone/salmeterol (FPS) vs placebo | OR 1.09 [0.95, 1.25] | 5574 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse events—'serious' Duration of two years1 Fluticasone/salmeterol (FPS) vs placebo | OR 1.08 [0.95, 1.23] | 5531 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Budesonide/formoterol (BDF) versus placebo for COPD
Population: patients with COPD
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Adverse event—any—320/94 Duration of nine months 3 Budesonide/formoterol (BDF) vs placebo | OR 1.42 [1.16, 1.74] | 1552 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Adverse event—any—160/94 Duration of nine months 3 Budesonide/formoterol (BDF) vs placebo | OR 1.32 [1.08, 1.61] | 1556 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Adverse events—'serious'—320/94 Duration of 10 months3 Budesonide/formoterol (BDF) vs placebo | OR 1.17 [0.95, 1.45] | 2476 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse events—'serious'—160/94 Duration of nine months 3 Budesonide/formoterol (BDF) vs placebo | OR 1.2 [0.89, 1.63] | 1556 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Mometasone/formoterol (MF/F) versus placebo for COPD
Population: patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Adverse event—any—400/103 Duration of six months Mometasone/formoterol (MF/F) vs placebo | OR 0.98 [0.75, 1.3] | 890 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Adverse event—any—200/103 Duration of six months Mometasone/formoterol (MF/F) vs placebo | OR 0.82 [0.62, 1.09] | 894 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse events—serious—400/103 Duration of six months Mometasone/formoterol (MF/F) vs placebo | OR 1.09 [0.66, 1.79] | 890 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse events—serious—200/103 Duration of six months Mometasone/formoterol (MF/F) vs placebo | OR 0.71 [0.41, 1.23] | 894 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |