Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

73 questions · 73 findings · 34 reviews

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No studies found 19 · 26%GRADE not reported 2 · 2.7%Very low 15 · 20.5%Low 15 · 20.5%Moderate 13 · 17.8%High 9 · 12.3%

Vitamin K vs control

Adverse events · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Vitamin D vs placebo

Proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events due to any cause · children and adults with predominantly mild to moderate asthma

Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin D showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D for the management of asthma 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.89 [0.56, 1.41]
12 studies · 1556 participants
High

Vitamin D plus calcium vs placebo

Adverse events: serum calcium above normal · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in adverse events: serum calcium above normal compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.98 [0.6, 14.74]
1 study · 2197 participants
Low

Steroid plus vitamin D vs steroids

Number of participants withdrawing due to adverse events (AE) · scalp psoriasis

Steroid plus vitamin D showed no clear difference in number of participants withdrawing due to adverse events (AE) compared with steroid (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical treatments for scalp psoriasis 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.88 [0.42, 1.88]
3 studies · 2433 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Adverse events: nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin D3 combined with calcium ( · adults

The intervention probably leads to higher adverse events: nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin D3 combined… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.17 [1.02, 1.34]
4 studies · 42876 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Adverse events: hypercalcaemia in trials using the active forms of vitamin D (alfacalcidol and calcitriol) ( · adults

The intervention may leads to higher adverse events: hypercalcaemia in trials using the active forms of… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.18 [1.17, 8.68]
3 studies · 710 participants
Low

Vitamin C vs placebo

Adverse events · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
High

Vitamin C vs allopurinol

Total adverse events · participants with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36mmol/L

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary supplements for chronic gout 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Low

Acupuncture plus NSAID plus vitamins vs NSAID plus vitamins

Adverse events · carpal tunnel syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture and related interventions for the treatment of symptoms associated with carpal tunnel syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Low‐level laser therapy, wrist splint, and vitamin B6 vs placebo, wrist splint, and vitamin B6

Adverse events · carpal tunnel syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Low‐level laser therapy for carpal tunnel syndrome 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Vitamin E vs placebo

Adverse events: haemorrhagic stroke · healthy people

Vitamin E leads to higher adverse events: haemorrhagic stroke compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.74 [1.04, 2.91]
1 study · 14641 participants
High

Vitamin A vs placebo

Adverse events: yellowing of the skin · healthy people and healthy male physicians

Vitamin A leads to higher adverse events: yellowing of the skin compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.14 [1.07, 1.21]
1 study · 22071 participants
High

Vitamin C vs allopurinol

Withdrawals due to adverse events · participants with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36mmol/L

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary supplements for chronic gout 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Low

hAMMSC‐CM + vitamin E vs hAMMSC‐CM + vitamin C

Adverse events associated with treatment · ulceration caused by nerve damage in leprosy

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for ulceration and other skin changes caused by nerve damage in leprosy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 44 participants
Very low

Vitamin A vs placebo

Adverse events: minor gastrointestinal symptoms · healthy people and healthy male physicians

Vitamin A leads to higher adverse events: minor gastrointestinal symptoms compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.22 [1.8, 2.74]
1 study · 22071 participants
High

Vitamin C vs placebo

Adverse events · adults and children with exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction/asthma

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C for asthma and exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Vitamin C vs placebo

Adverse events · people with asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C for asthma and exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 41 participants
Very low

Vitamin A vs placebo

Adverse events · children up to the age of 7 at risk of upper respiratory tract infection

1 finding from 1 review

Oral vitamin A supplements to prevent acute upper respiratory tract infections in children up to seven years of age 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 116 participants
Very low

Vitamins A, C, E + selenium + zinc vs placebo

Adverse events · healthy women, aged 35 to 60, and men, aged 45 to 60, living in France

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Magnesium and vitamin E co‐supplementation vs placebo

Adverse events · people with diabetes and foot ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional interventions for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found