What do systematic reviews say?

Photodynamic therapy plus mechanical debridement vs Mechanical debridement alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for maintaining the dentition in adults treated for periodontitis 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Not measured
  0 studies
  No studies found

Extended‐field radiotherapy vs pelvic chemoradiotherapy

Extended‐field radiotherapy showed no clear difference in late adverse events compared with pelvic chemoradiotherapy (moderate certainty).

• Extended‐field radiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.06 [0.69, 1.62]
  1 study · 386 participants
  Moderate

Extended‐field radiotherapy vs pelvic chemoradiotherapy

Extended‐field radiotherapy probably leads to lower acute adverse events compared with pelvic chemoradiotherapy (moderate certainty).

• Extended‐field radiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.05 [0.02, 0.11]
  1 study · 388 participants
  Moderate

Adjuvant chemotherapy vs no chemotherapy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for resectable cholangiocarcinoma 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Chemotherapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment

Chemotherapy showed no clear difference in any adverse events compared with placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment (high certainty).

• Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.04 [1, 1.09]
  1 study · 503 participants
  High

Anti‐TB therapy vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether anti‐TB therapy changes adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Anti‐tuberculous therapy for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.57 [1.45, 4.55]
  4 studies · 322 participants
  Very low

Pressure‐garment therapy (PGT) plus scar management therapy including silicone vs scar management therapy including silicone

• Pressure‐garment therapy for preventing hypertrophic scarring after burn injury 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 88 participants
  Very low

Extended‐field chemoradiotherapy vs pelvic chemoradiotherapy

It is very uncertain whether extended‐field chemoradiotherapy changes late adverse events compared with pelvic chemoradiotherapy (very low certainty).

• Extended‐field radiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.95 [0.06, 14.59]
  1 study · 74 participants
  Very low

Cediranib plus chemotherapy vs placebo plus chemotherapy

Cediranib plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in serious adverse events compared with placebo plus chemotherapy (low certainty).

• Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.15 [0.75, 1.78]
  1 study · 67 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy vs land‐based exercise therapy

Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to… showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with land‐based exercise therapy (low certainty).

• Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.33 [0.78, 2.27]
  8 studies · 1542 participants
  Low

Whole gland primary cryotherapy vs external beam radiotherapy (EBRT)

It is very uncertain whether whole gland primary cryotherapy changes major adverse events compared with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) (very low certainty).

• Primary cryotherapy for localised or locally advanced prostate cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.47, 1.78]
  2 studies · 293 participants
  Very low

Extended‐field chemoradiotherapy vs pelvic chemoradiotherapy

It is very uncertain whether extended‐field chemoradiotherapy changes acute adverse events compared with pelvic chemoradiotherapy (very low certainty).

• Extended‐field radiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.95 [0.2, 4.39]
  1 study · 74 participants
  Very low

Chest physiotherapy vs no chest physiotherapy

Chest physiotherapy showed no clear difference in adverse events (number of events) ( compared with no chest physiotherapy (low certainty).

• Chest physiotherapy for pneumonia in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.28 [0.98, 1.67]
  2 studies · 254 participants
  Low

Exercise therapy vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise therapy for treatment of acute non‐specific low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Exercise therapy vs no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise therapy for treatment of acute non‐specific low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Active music therapy vs receptive music therapy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Music therapy for depression 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy probably leads to higher serious adverse events compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

• Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.44 [1.16, 1.79]
  1 study · 439 participants
  Moderate

School‐based ICS therapy vs home therapy

• Interventions to improve adherence to inhaled steroids for asthma 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 99 participants
  GRADE not reported

Chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy vs chemotherapy alone

Chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy showed no clear difference in any adverse events compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

• Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [1, 1.03]
  3 studies · 1513 participants
  Moderate

Chemotherapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment

Chemotherapy probably leads to higher serious adverse events compared with placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment (moderate certainty).

• Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.38 [1.2, 1.59]
  1 study · 503 participants
  Moderate