Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

77 questions · 103 findings · 43 reviews

No studies found 18 · 17.5%GRADE not reported 48 · 46.6%Very low 13 · 12.6%Low 16 · 15.5%Moderate 6 · 5.8%High 2 · 1.9%

Flossing plus toothbrushing (self-performed; manual or automated floss) vs Toothbrushing alone

Side effects · Dentate adults aged 16 years or older (excluding orthodontic patients and those with severe periodontal disease)
1 finding from 1 review

GnRH agonist plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Adverse effects: hot flush · premenopausal women with malignant conditions, receiving GnRH agonist before or in parallel to chemotherapy

It is very uncertain whether gnRH agonist plus chemotherapy changes adverse effects: hot flush compared with chemotherapy alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

GnRH agonist plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Adverse effects: vaginal dryness · premenopausal women with malignant conditions, receiving GnRH agonist before or in parallel to chemotherapy

GnRH agonist plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in adverse effects: vaginal dryness compared with chemotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard treatment plus systemic corticosteroids vs usual care

Adverse effects: exposure keratopathy · patients age 10 years and older with periorbital or orbital cellulitis

It is very uncertain whether standard treatment plus systemic corticosteroids changes adverse effects: exposure keratopathy compared with standard treatment alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride mouthrinse (0.05-0.32% sodium fluoride or amine fluoride) added to daily fluoride toothpaste vs Control: fluoride toothpaste alone, placebo mouthrinse + toothpaste, or non-fluoride (chlorhexidine) mouthrinse + toothpaste

Side effects or other adverse events · Orthodontic patients (any age) undergoing orthodontic treatment (mostly fixed appliances)

No adverse effects were reported in any of the seven included studies (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate vs valproate

Frequency of adverse effects ‐ malaise ( · participants with generalised epilepsy

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ malaise ( compared with valproate alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints plus antiepileptic drugs vs antiepileptic drugs alone

Frequency of adverse effects ‐ anorexia ( · people with epilepsy

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints plus… showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ anorexia ( compared with antiepileptic drugs alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate vs valproate

Frequency of adverse effects ‐ dizziness ( · participants with generalised epilepsy

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ dizziness ( compared with valproate alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcineurin inhibitors ± oral steroids vs oral steroids alone

Adverse effects: diabetes or hyperglycaemia · minimal change disease in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Calcineurin inhibitors ± oral steroids showed no clear difference in adverse effects: diabetes or hyperglycaemia compared with oral steroids alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combined HBO and perioperative antibiotics prior to dental implant therapy vs antibiotics alone

Adverse effects (including quality of life) · Adults with head and neck cancer undergoing curative or adjuvant radiotherapy (at risk of osteoradionecrosis of the jaws)
1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate vs valproate

Frequency of adverse effects ‐ sleepiness ( · participants with generalised epilepsy

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ sleepiness ( compared with valproate alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review