What do systematic reviews say?

Pregabalin vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Pharmacological intervention (pregabalin) changes treatment‐related adverse effects compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Interventions for treating neuropathic pain in people with sickle cell disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.33
  1 study · 22 participants
  Very low

Post‐treatment communication (text messaging) vs No communication (no text message)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse effects: Not measured.
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (or no irradiation)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse effects: Not measured.
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

CBT vs No special instructions (control)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse effects for CBT: Not measured.
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Experimental chewing adjuncts (bite wafers or chewing gum) vs No chewing gum, placebo, or control (no adjunct)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse effects: Not measured.
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Brain wave music (BWM) vs No special instructions (control)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse effects for BWM: Not measured.
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Vibratory stimulation (vibratory adjuncts) vs No vibration or placebo vibration

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse effects: Not measured.
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

• Interventions for drooling in children with cerebral palsy 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Relaxation vs WAIT LIST

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for the management of abdominal pain in Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Systemic aminocaproic acid vs placebo

Systemic aminocaproic acid probably leads to higher adverse effects: nausea or vomiting compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Medical interventions for traumatic hyphema 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 8.6 [2.09, 35.5]
  3 studies · 131 participants
  Moderate

UAE/UACE vs MTX

UAE/UACE showed no clear difference in adverse effects UAE vs systemic MTX compared with systemic MTX (low certainty).

• Interventions for non‐tubal ectopic pregnancy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.58 [0.41, 6.11]
  1 study · 72 participants
  Low

Antibiotics vs placebo or usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for preventing mastitis after childbirth 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Antibiotics vs topical treatments

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for preventing mastitis after childbirth 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Laxative vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether laxative changes adverse effects on babies: diarrhoea compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing postpartum constipation 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.46 [0.23, 26.82]
  1 study · 281 participants
  Very low

Paromomycin ointment vs vehicle

It is very uncertain whether paromomycin ointment changes adverse effects Skin/local reactions compared with vehicle (very low certainty).

• Interventions for Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.42 [0.67, 3.01]
  4 studies · 713 participants
  Very low

Adalimumab weekly vs placebo

Adalimumab weekly showed no clear difference in frequency of serious adverse effects compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for hidradenitis suppurativa 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2 [0.38, 10.44]
  1 study · 102 participants
  Moderate

Adalimumab every other week vs placebo

Adalimumab every other week showed no clear difference in frequency of serious adverse effects compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Interventions for hidradenitis suppurativa 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.47 [0.26, 8.44]
  2 studies · 124 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

• Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with diabetes mellitus and depression 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 28 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with diabetes mellitus and depression 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 291 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Home‐based child development interventions for preschool children from socially disadvantaged families 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found