Vitamin A vs placebo
Morbidity · adults with HIV infection
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted0 studies · 0 participantsGRADE not reported
Findings
What do systematic reviews say?
780 questions · 834 findings · 76 reviews
No studies found 187 · 22.4%GRADE not reported 164 · 19.7%Very low 144 · 17.3%Low 172 · 20.6%Moderate 105 · 12.6%High 62 · 7.4%
Vitamin A vs placebo
CD4 cell count · adults with HIV infection
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted2 studies · 464 participantsLow
Vitamin A vs placebo
Viral load · adults with HIV infection
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted3 studies · 495 participantsLow
Vitamin D vs control
Mean serum vitamin D concentrations · children under 5 years of age
1 finding from 1 review
- Vitamin D supplementation for preventing infections in children under five years of age 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted4 studies · 266 participantsLow
Vitamin D given to infants vs vitamin D given to lactating mothers
Vitamin D insufficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 50 nmol/L · term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D given to infants changes vitamin D insufficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 50 nmol/L compared with vitamin D given to lactating mothers (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Vitamin D supplementation for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.61 [0.4, 0.94]4 studies · 334 participantsVery low
Vitamin D given to infants vs vitamin D given to lactating mothers
Vitamin D deficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 30 nmol/L · term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D given to infants changes vitamin D deficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 30 nmol/L compared with vitamin D given to lactating mothers (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Vitamin D supplementation for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.35 [0.17, 0.72]4 studies · 334 participantsVery low
Vitamin D given to infants vs vitamin D given to lactating mothers
Serum 25‐OH vitamin D level at latest time reported nmol/L · term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health
1 finding from 1 review
- Vitamin D supplementation for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted4 studies · 269 participantsLow
Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs no intervention
Subclinical vitamin A deficiency (serum/plasma retinol 0.70 μmol/L or less) · general population over 2 years of age
It is very uncertain whether staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients changes subclinical vitamin A deficiency (serum/plasma retinol 0.70 μmol/L… compared with no intervention (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.71 [0.52, 0.98]2 studies · 318 participantsVery low
Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs no intervention
Clinical vitamin A deficiency (as defined by night blindness) · general population over 2 years of age
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs no intervention
Any adverse effects (e.g. hypervitaminosis A, as defined by the trialists) · general population over 2 years of age
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs same unfortified staple foods
Any adverse effects (e.g. hypervitaminosis A, as defined by the trialists) · general population over 2 years of age
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs same unfortified staple foods
Subclinical vitamin A deficiency (serum/plasma retinol 0.70 μmol/L or less) · general population over 2 years of age
Staple foods fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients probably leads to lower subclinical vitamin A deficiency (serum/plasma retinol 0.70 μmol/L… compared with same unfortified staple foods (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.27 [0.16, 0.49]3 studies · 923 participantsModerate
Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs same unfortified staple foods
Clinical vitamin A deficiency (as defined by night blindness) · general population over 2 years of age
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
Vitamin D vs placebo
Change in 25(OH) vitamin D concentrations (ng/mL) · adults with HIV infection
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted4 studies · 299 participantsModerate
Vitamin A vs placebo or no treatment
Maternal death · pregnant women
Vitamin A alone showed no clear difference in maternal mortality compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and newborn outcomes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.88 [0.65, 1.2]4 studies · 154039 participantsHigh
Vitamin A vs placebo or no treatment
Perinatal mortality · pregnant women
Vitamin A alone showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and newborn outcomes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.01 [0.95, 1.07]1 study · 76176 participantsHigh
Vitamin A vs placebo or no treatment
Maternal anaemia · pregnant women
Vitamin A alone probably leads to lower maternal anaemia compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and newborn outcomes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.64 [0.43, 0.94]3 studies · 15649 participantsModerate
Vitamin A vs placebo or no treatment
Maternal infection · pregnant women
Vitamin A alone may leads to lower maternal clinical infection compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and newborn outcomes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.45 [0.2, 0.99]5 studies · 17313 participantsLow
Vitamin A vs placebo or no treatment
Preterm birth · pregnant women
Vitamin A alone showed no clear difference in preterm birth compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and newborn outcomes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.98 [0.94, 1.01]5 studies · 48007 participantsHigh
Vitamin D vs placebo or no intervention
Cancer occurrence · healthy participants or recruited among the general population; individuals diagnosed with a specific disease in a stable phase or with…
Vitamin D showed no clear difference in cancer occurrence compared with placebo or no intervention (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1 [0.94, 1.06]18 studies · 50623 participantsModerate