Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

27 questions · 29 findings · 16 reviews

No studies found 5 · 17.2%GRADE not reported 2 · 6.9%Very low 4 · 13.8%Low 13 · 44.8%Moderate 4 · 13.8%High 1 · 3.4%

Self‐management interventions vs usual care

All‐cause mortality · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Self‐management interventions showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with usual care (low certainty).

2 findings from 2 reviews · compare the 2 reviews

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake vs comparators

All‐cause mortality · malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake probably leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with comparators (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Longer intervals (5‐15 days) (intervention) vs shorter intervals (2‐5 days) (control) between dressing changes

All‐cause mortality · patients with a central venous catheter

Longer intervals (5‐15 days) (intervention) showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with shorter intervals (2‐5 days) (control) between dressing changes (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Specialised early intervention (SEI) vs treatment

Death: all‐cause mortality (assessed by proportion deceased at end of treatment) · recent‐onset psychosis (less than three years since the start of psychotic symptoms and either first or second psychotic episode)

Specialised early intervention (SEI) showed no clear difference in death: all‐cause mortality (assessed by proportion deceased at end… compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care

Anti‐cytokine, all‐cause mortality ‐ uncertain risk of bias · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) changes mortality (all‐cause) overall analysis compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review