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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Every word you type has to appear somewhere in the question, and the closest matches are ranked first.
15,213 questions in 2,394 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling Proportion of participants diagnosed with hypertension at trial completion · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension Effect of periodontal treatments on blood pressure (2021) · Cochrane | No included study in this comparison reported the proportion of participants diagnosed with hypertension at trial completion. | NR | No studies |
ARP with alloplast vs Extraction alone Aesthetic outcomes of future prosthodontic rehabilitation · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring… · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site… (2021) · Cochrane | Outcome not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
Chemotherapy (any regimen; added to, or compared with, locoregional treatment) vs Locoregional treatment and/or an alternative chemotherapy regimen Quality of life · People receiving curative-intent treatment for oral cavity and oropharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer: chemotherapy (2021) · Cochrane | Quality of life was a planned (protocol) outcome but no included trial provided usable quality-of-life data; the protocol was modified to report only survival/response outcomes. | 0 studies | No studies |
Any orthodontic (non-surgical) treatment to correct posterior crossbite or expand the top teeth vs No treatment or another orthodontic treatment Signs and symptoms of respiratory issues · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or… Orthodontic treatment for posterior crossbites (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Extraction of the primary (baby) canine (single primary tooth extraction) vs No extraction (non-intervention control) Reported improvement in the position of the ectopic canine measured from radiographs · Young people aged 9 to 14 years diagnosed with one or both palatally displaced permanent maxillary canines (PDC) Interventions for promoting the eruption of palatally displaced permanent canine teeth, without the need for… (2021) · Cochrane | Improvement in the position of the ectopic canine was not extracted as a distinct outcome (alpha-angle was the trial's own outcome). | 0 studies | No studies |
Any orthodontic (non-surgical) treatment to correct posterior crossbite or expand the top teeth vs No treatment or another orthodontic treatment Quality of life · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or… Orthodontic treatment for posterior crossbites (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Electrical conductance devices (electronic caries monitor (ECM) and/or CarieScan Pro), used as an adjunct to clinical oral examination vs Reference standard: histology or enhanced visual examination (with or without radiographs) Outcome NR · Children/adolescents/adults or extracted teeth; target condition = non-cavitated enamel caries on SMOOTH tooth surfaces. · Up to 3 months between index test and reference standard (in vivo studies) Electrical conductance for the detection of dental caries (2021) · Cochrane | No eligible studies. All included studies assessed occlusal surfaces only; smooth surfaces were a planned surface subgroup with no data. | 0 studies | No studies |
Chemotherapy vs Placebo Outcome NR · People receiving curative-intent treatment for oral cavity and oropharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer: chemotherapy (2021) · Cochrane | Types of studies: it was anticipated that there would be no studies comparing chemotherapy with placebo (none were identified). | 0 studies | No studies |
Double primary (canine and first molar) tooth extraction vs Single primary (canine) tooth extraction Any other adverse effects, such as gingival disease and demineralisation · Young people aged 9 to 14 years diagnosed with one or both palatally displaced permanent maxillary canines (PDC) Interventions for promoting the eruption of palatally displaced permanent canine teeth, without the need for… (2021) · Cochrane | The studies did not report adverse events. | 0 studies | No studies |
Intensive periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs Supra-gingival scaling Heart rate · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension Effect of periodontal treatments on blood pressure (2021) · Cochrane | Heart rate was reported only by Higashi 2009 (periodontal treatment vs no treatment); no study in the intensive-treatment vs supra-gingival-scaling comparison reported heart rate. | NR | No studies |
ARP with xenograft (bone graft) vs Extraction alone Aesthetic outcomes of future prosthodontic rehabilitation · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring… · 6 to 36 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site… (2021) · Cochrane | Outcome not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
Rubber dam isolation and moisture control (alone or with saliva aspiration) vs Cotton rolls (with or without saliva aspiration) Costs: direct cost of treatment · Dental patients undergoing direct or indirect restorative treatment (no age or gender restriction) Rubber dam isolation for restorative treatment in dental patients (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Any of the interventions (CR, SE, SW, sealing with sealant materials, Hall Technique, or NRCC) vs Each other, placebo, or no treatment Safety issues (adverse events) · Children and/or adults with permanent or primary teeth, vital (sensitive) pulps, and cavitated or dentine carious… Interventions for treating cavitated or dentine carious lesions (2021) · Cochrane | None of the studies reported adverse effects. | 0 studies | No studies |
COE with light-based detection (e.g. ViziLite Plus, Microlux/DL, VELscope, Identafi 3000) vs COE with vital rinsing (toluidine blue/tolonium chloride) Outcome NR · Apparently healthy adults not reporting symptoms of OPMD or OSCC, attending an organised screening or surveillance… Clinical assessment for the detection of oral cavity cancer and potentially malignant disorders in… (2021) · Cochrane | No eligible studies; planned comparative analysis (COE with vital rinse vs COE with light-based detection) not populated in this version. | 0 studies | No studies |
ARP with alloplast vs Extraction alone Implant failure rate · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring… · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site… (2021) · Cochrane | Outcome not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
Fixed tooth-borne expansion (Hyrax) vs Observation (no treatment) Canine expansion (inter-canine distance) · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or… Orthodontic treatment for posterior crossbites (2021) · Cochrane | Not measured (SoF 3) | 0 studies | No studies |
Extraction of the primary (baby) canine (single primary tooth extraction) vs No extraction (non-intervention control) Time taken for the canine to erupt into the mouth · Young people aged 9 to 14 years diagnosed with one or both palatally displaced permanent maxillary canines (PDC) Interventions for promoting the eruption of palatally displaced permanent canine teeth, without the need for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Glass ionomer cement vs Amalgam Adverse events · Patients needing retrograde filling in root canal therapy (orthograde root canal filling or retreatment not possible;… Materials for retrograde filling in root canal therapy (2021) · Cochrane | Adverse events: outcome was not assessed by the included studies | 0 studies | No studies |
Any of the interventions (CR, SE, SW, sealing with sealant materials, Hall Technique, or NRCC) vs Each other, placebo, or no treatment Subjective evaluation of the treatments by participants · Children and/or adults with permanent or primary teeth, vital (sensitive) pulps, and cavitated or dentine carious… Interventions for treating cavitated or dentine carious lesions (2021) · Cochrane | We found no studies reporting subjective evaluation of the treatments by participants. | 0 studies | No studies |
Blood and saliva analysis (biomarker tests) vs Surgical or punch biopsy with histological assessment Outcome NR · Adults (aged 16 years or over) presenting to primary or secondary care with clinically evident suspicious or innocuous… Diagnostic tests for oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders in patients presenting with clinically… (2021) · Cochrane | No eligible studies assessed the diagnostic test accuracy of blood and saliva analysis; potentially eligible biomarker studies were excluded as case-control designs. | 0 studies | No studies |
COE with blood/salivary (biomarker) analysis vs COE with vital rinsing (toluidine blue/tolonium chloride) Outcome NR · Apparently healthy adults not reporting symptoms of OPMD or OSCC, attending an organised screening or surveillance… Clinical assessment for the detection of oral cavity cancer and potentially malignant disorders in… (2021) · Cochrane | No eligible studies; planned comparative analysis (COE with vital rinse vs COE with blood/salivary analysis) not populated in this version. | 0 studies | No studies |
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) vs Intermediate restorative material (IRM) Adverse events · Patients needing retrograde filling in root canal therapy (orthograde root canal filling or retreatment not possible;… Materials for retrograde filling in root canal therapy (2021) · Cochrane | Adverse events: outcome was not assessed by the included studies | 0 studies | No studies |
ARP with allograft plus synthetic cell-binding peptide P-15 vs ARP with allograft without P-15 Implant failure rate · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring… · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site… (2021) · Cochrane | Outcome not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) vs Histological validation (in vitro) or cavity preparation/biopsy (in vivo) Diagnostic accuracy for occlusal caries detection (any threshold) · Human permanent posterior teeth (premolars and molars), occlusal (pit-and-fissure) surfaces · in vitro and in vivo Systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic methods for occlusal surface caries. (2021) | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Periodontal treatment (subgingival SRP with or without other periodontal treatment) vs No treatment (no periodontal treatment) Proportion of participants diagnosed with hypertension at trial completion · Adults (any age/sex) with chronic periodontitis (>=5 teeth remaining; PPD >4 mm), with or without hypertension Effect of periodontal treatments on blood pressure (2021) · Cochrane | No included study reported the proportion of participants diagnosed with hypertension at trial completion. | NR | No studies |
Fixed tooth-borne expansion (Hyrax) vs Fixed tooth-tissue-borne expansion (Haas) Canine expansion (inter-canine distance) · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or… Orthodontic treatment for posterior crossbites (2021) · Cochrane | Not measured (SoF 5) | 0 studies | No studies |
Double primary (canine and first molar) tooth extraction vs Single primary (canine) tooth extraction Costs / cost-effectiveness · Young people aged 9 to 14 years diagnosed with one or both palatally displaced permanent maxillary canines (PDC) Interventions for promoting the eruption of palatally displaced permanent canine teeth, without the need for… (2021) · Cochrane | The studies did not report cost-effectiveness. | 0 studies | No studies |
COE with blood/salivary (biomarker) analysis vs Conventional oral examination (COE) alone Outcome NR · Apparently healthy adults not reporting symptoms of OPMD or OSCC, attending an organised screening or surveillance… Clinical assessment for the detection of oral cavity cancer and potentially malignant disorders in… (2021) · Cochrane | No eligible studies; planned comparative analysis (COE vs COE with blood/salivary analysis) not populated in this version. | 0 studies | No studies |
ARP with allograft vs ARP with xenograft Implant failure rate · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring… · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site… (2021) · Cochrane | Outcome not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
ARP with alloplast plus barrier membrane vs ARP with alloplast without membrane Need for additional augmentation prior to implant placement · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring… · 9 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site… (2021) · Cochrane | Outcome not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
Double primary (canine and first molar) tooth extraction vs Single primary (canine) tooth extraction Reported improvement in the position of the ectopic canine measured from radiographs · Young people aged 9 to 14 years diagnosed with one or both palatally displaced permanent maxillary canines (PDC) Interventions for promoting the eruption of palatally displaced permanent canine teeth, without the need for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Double primary (canine and first molar) tooth extraction vs Single primary (canine) tooth extraction Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), including quality of life and pain · Young people aged 9 to 14 years diagnosed with one or both palatally displaced permanent maxillary canines (PDC) Interventions for promoting the eruption of palatally displaced permanent canine teeth, without the need for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Er:YAG laser (erbium-doped:yttrium-aluminum-garnet) vs Placebo (placebo laser or placebo agent) or no treatment Outcome NR · Patients aged above 12 years with self-reported tooth hypersensitivity confirmed on clinical evaluation Laser therapy for dentinal hypersensitivity (2021) · Cochrane | We did not find any eligible study to evaluate erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) or carbon dioxide (CO2) laser compared with placebo/no treatment. | 0 studies | No studies |
Electrical conductance devices (electronic caries monitor (ECM) and/or CarieScan Pro), used as an adjunct to clinical oral examination vs Reference standard: histology or enhanced visual examination (with or without radiographs) Outcome NR · Teeth with previously applied restorations (secondary caries) or pit and fissure sealants; target condition =… · Up to 3 months between index test and reference standard (in vivo studies) Electrical conductance for the detection of dental caries (2021) · Cochrane | No eligible studies. 'No included studies reported inclusion criteria of previously applied restorations or pit and fissure sealants' (a planned subgroup). | 0 studies | No studies |
ARP with alloplast vs Extraction alone Changes in bucco-lingual/palatal width of alveolar ridge (mm) · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring… · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site… (2021) · Cochrane | Outcome not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
COE with light-based detection (e.g. ViziLite Plus, Microlux/DL, VELscope, Identafi 3000) vs Reference standard: examination and clinical evaluation by a physician/clinician with specialist knowledge or training (long-term follow-up accepted for those screened negative) Outcome NR · Apparently healthy adults not reporting symptoms of OPMD or OSCC, attending an organised screening or surveillance… Clinical assessment for the detection of oral cavity cancer and potentially malignant disorders in… (2021) · Cochrane | There were no eligible studies evaluating light-based detection. | 0 studies | No studies |
Direct composite resin restoration vs Amalgam restoration Harms: allergic reaction · People with permanent or adult posterior teeth requiring restoration (parallel-group trials involved children aged 6… Direct composite resin fillings versus amalgam fillings for permanent posterior teeth (2021) · Cochrane | We did not find any eligible studies that evaluated allergic reaction or injury (no studies reported on outcomes of relevance to allergic reaction). | 0 studies | No studies |
ARP with alloplast vs Extraction alone Need for additional augmentation prior to implant placement · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring… · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site… (2021) · Cochrane | Outcome not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
Transillumination/OCT device used as an adjunct to a conventional visual examination vs Reference standard: histology, or enhanced visual examination with or without radiographs (also operative excavation, tooth separation, or microcomputed tomography) Outcome NR · Children or adults presenting asymptomatically or suspected of having enamel caries (clinical/in vivo studies);… · Up to 3 months between index test and reference standard (in vivo; in vitro no limit if stored appropriately) Transillumination and optical coherence tomography for the detection and diagnosis of enamel caries (2021) · Cochrane | No studies formally reported the use of the illumination devices as an adjunct to a conventional visual examination, and therefore it has not been possible to make an assessment. | 0 studies | No studies |
ARP with demineralised bone matrix, single particle size vs ARP with demineralised bone matrix, multiple particle size Aesthetic outcomes of future prosthodontic rehabilitation · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring… · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site… (2021) · Cochrane | Outcome not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
Extraction of the primary (baby) canine (single primary tooth extraction) vs No extraction (non-intervention control) Any other adverse effects, such as gingival disease and demineralisation · Young people aged 9 to 14 years diagnosed with one or both palatally displaced permanent maxillary canines (PDC) Interventions for promoting the eruption of palatally displaced permanent canine teeth, without the need for… (2021) · Cochrane | Only root resorption was assessed; other adverse effects (gingival disease, demineralisation) were not reported. | 0 studies | No studies |
ARP with demineralised bone matrix, single particle size vs ARP with demineralised bone matrix, multiple particle size Implant failure rate · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring… · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site… (2021) · Cochrane | Outcome not reported | 0 studies | No studies |
CO2 laser (carbon dioxide) vs Placebo (placebo laser or placebo agent) or no treatment Outcome NR · Patients aged above 12 years with self-reported tooth hypersensitivity confirmed on clinical evaluation Laser therapy for dentinal hypersensitivity (2021) · Cochrane | We did not find any eligible study to evaluate erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) or carbon dioxide (CO2) laser compared with placebo/no treatment. | 0 studies | No studies |
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) vs Super ethoxybenzoic acid (Super-EBA) Adverse events · Patients needing retrograde filling in root canal therapy (orthograde root canal filling or retreatment not possible;… Materials for retrograde filling in root canal therapy (2021) · Cochrane | Adverse events: outcome was not assessed by the included studies | 0 studies | No studies |
Main comparison of Dacron patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Long‐term pseudoaneurysm formation · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Main comparison of bovine pericardium patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Perioperative ipsilateral stroke (< 30 days) · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Main comparison of bovine pericardium patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Long‐term any stroke · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Main comparison of synthetic patch vs vein patch angioplasty Perioperative combined stroke and TIA (< 30 days) · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Main comparison of bovine pericardium patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Long‐term stroke or death · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Main comparison of bovine pericardium patch vs other synthetic patch angioplasty Long‐term pseudoaneurysm formation · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or… Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |