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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
15,213 questions in 2,394 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention NR Secondary objectives for HINTS subcomponents Head impulse, nystagmus, and test of skew examination for diagnosing central causes of acute vestibular… (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical ophthalmic anesthetic plus NSAID vs placebo Changes in mean participant‐reported ocular pain from baseline to 48 hours · corneal abrasion (post‐surgical) Topical ophthalmic anesthetics for corneal abrasions (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical ophthalmic anesthetic plus NSAID vs placebo Changes in mean participant‐reported ocular pain from baseline to 72 hours · corneal abrasion (post‐surgical) Topical ophthalmic anesthetics for corneal abrasions (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Anticoagulant vs different dose of the same anticoagulant Deep vein thrombosis · non‐hospitalised people with COVID‐19 Prophylactic anticoagulants for non‐hospitalised people with COVID‐19 (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Anticoagulant vs different dose of the same anticoagulant Pulmonary embolism · non‐hospitalised people with COVID‐19 Prophylactic anticoagulants for non‐hospitalised people with COVID‐19 (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Anticoagulant vs antiplatelet agent Deep vein thrombosis · non‐hospitalised people with COVID‐19 Prophylactic anticoagulants for non‐hospitalised people with COVID‐19 (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Anticoagulant vs antiplatelet agent Pulmonary embolism · non‐hospitalised people with COVID‐19 Prophylactic anticoagulants for non‐hospitalised people with COVID‐19 (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Bubble vs ventilator or Infant Flow Driver nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) Neurodevelopmental impairment · preterm infants receiving nasal CPAP Bubble devices versus other pressure sources for nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
RBD‐specific polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies (EpAbs) vs saline placebo Quality of life · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19 Hyperimmune immunoglobulin for people with COVID‐19 (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hyperimmune immunoglobulin from human plasma vs saline placebo Quality of life · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19 Hyperimmune immunoglobulin for people with COVID‐19 (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention Pain score assessed up to 10 minutes after the procedure · Procedural pain in neonates Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention Episodes of bradycardia, defined as a fall in heart rate of more than 30% below the baseline or less than 100 beats per minute for 10 seconds or longer, occurring during the procedure · Procedural pain in neonates Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention Episodes of apnea (mean rates of apnea), occurring during the procedure · Procedural pain in neonates Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention Hypotension requiring medical therapy (vasopressors or fluid boluses), occurring during the procedure · Procedural pain in neonates Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pain score assessed up to 10 minutes after the procedure · Procedural pain in neonates Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Episodes of bradycardia, defined as a fall in heart rate of more than 30% below the baseline or less than 100 beats per minute for 10 seconds or longer, occurring during the procedure · Procedural pain in neonates Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Beta‐blockers vs placebo Improvement in vertigo · people with vestibular migraine Pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Calcium channel blockers vs no intervention Serious adverse events · people with vestibular migraine Pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
SSRIs and SNRIs vs placebo or no treatment Improvement in vertigo at 6 to ≤ 12 months · adults with PPPD Pharmacological interventions for persistent postural‐perceptual dizziness (PPPD) (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
SSRIs and SNRIs vs placebo or no treatment Change in vertigo at 6 to ≤ 12 months · adults with PPPD Pharmacological interventions for persistent postural‐perceptual dizziness (PPPD) (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
SSRIs and SNRIs vs placebo or no treatment Serious adverse events · adults with PPPD Pharmacological interventions for persistent postural‐perceptual dizziness (PPPD) (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Obesity Class I vs Normal Weight or Non‐Obese OutcomesTime frame of absolute effects · Adults with COVID‐19 Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Obesity Class II vs Normal Weight or Non‐Obese Severe COVID · Adults with COVID‐19 Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Obesity Class II vs Normal Weight or Non‐Obese Pneumonia · Adults with COVID‐19 Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Obesity Class II vs Normal Weight or Non‐Obese  · Adults with COVID‐19 Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Obesity Class III vs Normal BMI, Non‐obese, or BMI < 40 OutcomesTime frame of absolute effects · Adults with COVID‐19 Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Obesity Class III vs Normal BMI, Non‐obese, or BMI < 40 Severe COVID · Adults with COVID‐19 Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Obesity Class III vs Normal BMI, Non‐obese, or BMI < 40 .Pneumonia · Adults with COVID‐19 Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Obesity Class III vs Normal BMI, Non‐obese, or BMI < 40 Â · Adults with COVID‐19 Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Obesity (Unclassified) vs Normal Weight or Non‐Obese OutcomesTime frame of absolute effects · Adults with COVID‐19 Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Obesity (Unclassified) vs Normal Weight or Non‐Obese  · Adults with COVID‐19 Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Every 5 units (kg/m2) increase in BMI vs N/A OutcomesTime frame of absolute effects · Adults with COVID Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Every 5 units (kg/m2) increase in BMI vs N/A ICU admission · Adults with COVID Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Every 5 units (kg/m2) increase in BMI vs N/A Pneumonia · Adults with COVID Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Every 5 units (kg/m2) increase in BMI vs N/A Â · Adults with COVID Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Obesity Class I vs Normal Weight or Non‐Obese Pneumonia  · Adults with COVID‐19 Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Obesity Class I vs Normal Weight or Non‐Obese  · Adults with COVID‐19 Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Obesity Class II vs Normal Weight or Non‐Obese OutcomesTime frame of absolute effects · Adults with COVID‐19 Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 severity and mortality (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ventilation tubes vs non‐surgical treatment Disease‐specific quality of life · children aged 6 months to 12 years with OME Ventilation tubes (grommets) for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ventilation tubes vs non‐surgical treatment Presence/persistence of OME · children aged 6 months to 12 years with OME Ventilation tubes (grommets) for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ventilation tubes vs myringotomy Disease‐specific quality of life · children aged 6 months to 12 years with OME Ventilation tubes (grommets) for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ventilation tubes vs no treatment Disease‐specific quality of life · children aged 6 months to 12 years with OME Ventilation tubes (grommets) for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Early ventilation tubes vs watchful waiting (treatment later if required) Disease‐specific quality of life · children aged 6 months to 12 years with OME Ventilation tubes (grommets) for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Component · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC)… Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network… (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Component · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC)… Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network… (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Non‐nicotine/placebo EC · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC)… Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network… (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Nortriptyline · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC)… Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network… (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Abundant water intake vs no treatment Change in vertigo · Ménière’s disease Lifestyle and dietary interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Abundant water intake vs no treatment Serious adverse events · Ménière’s disease Lifestyle and dietary interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sleeping in darkness vs no treatment Change in vertigo · Ménière’s disease Lifestyle and dietary interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |