Cochrane · systematic review · CD015226
Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network meta‐analyses
Lindson, N, Theodoulou, A, Ordóñez-Mena, JM, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2023 · Cochrane Library
Tobacco AddictionAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
19
current version
GRADE rated
15
No studies
4
Included studies
NR
No studies 4 · 21.1%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 7 · 36.8%Moderate 2 · 10.5%High 6 · 31.6%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Summary of findings table: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette interventions for smoking cessation: smoking cessation at 6+ months
Population: adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking cessation Comparator: no pharmacological or e‐cigarette intervention (64 RCTs of 15,793 participants had data on this component) Outcome: smoking cessation at 6 months to 5 years (although predominantly 6 months to 12 months)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Component | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Varenicline | OR 2.33 [2.02, 2.68] | 67 studies · 16430 participants | High |
Cytisine | OR 2.21 [1.66, 2.97] | 7 studies · 3848 participants | High |
Nicotine patch | OR 1.37 [1.2, 1.56] | 105 studies · 37319 participants | High |
Fast‐acting NRT (nicotine other) | OR 1.41 [1.29, 1.55] | 120 studies · 31756 participants | High |
Nicotine EC | OR 2.37 [1.73, 3.24] | 16 studies · 3828 participants | High |
Non‐nicotine/placebo EC | OR 1.16 [0.74, 1.8] | 8 studies · 1094 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Bupropion | OR 1.43 [1.26, 1.62] | 71 studies · 14759 participants | High |
Nortriptyline | OR 1.35 [1.02, 1.81] | 10 studies · 1290 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |
Nicotine tapering | OR 1.14 [1, 1.29] | 111 studies · 33156 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |
Summary of findings table: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette interventions for smoking cessation: serious adverse events
Population: adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking cessation Comparator: placebo e‐cigarette (EC), placebo and no pharmacotherapy (64 RCTs of 15,793 participants had data on these components) Outcome: serious adverse events measured at various time points (time point often unreported)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Component | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Varenicline | OR 1.18 [0.93, 1.49] | 42 studies · 13407 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Cytisine | OR 0.94 [0.58, 1.5] | 5 studies · 2915 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Nicotine patch | OR 0.96 [0.71, 1.29] | 27 studies · 12602 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Fast‐acting NRT (nicotine other) | OR 1.07 [0.75, 1.54] | 18 studies · 5551 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Nicotine EC | OR 0.79 [0.5, 1.23] | 7 studies · 1642 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Non‐nicotine/placebo EC | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Bupropion | OR 1.35 [0.97, 1.92] | 22 studies · 7231 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |
Nortriptyline | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |