Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,252 questions · 2,353 findings · 210 reviews · Neonatal

No studies found 432 · 18.4%GRADE not reported 99 · 4.2%Very low 609 · 25.9%Low 737 · 31.3%Moderate 385 · 16.4%High 91 · 3.9%

Restricted vs standard fluid management

Incidence of hypoglycemia (blood glucose < 40 mg/dL) at end of intervention period (proportions) · late preterm and full‐term infants with transient tachypnea of the newborn

It is very uncertain whether restricted changes incidence of hypoglycemia (blood glucose < 40 mg/dL) at end of… compared with standard fluid management (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Restricted vs standard fluid management

Incidence of endotracheal ventilation (proportions) during hospital stay (for infants on no support or noninvasive support at the time of study entry) · late preterm and full‐term infants with transient tachypnea of the newborn

It is very uncertain whether restricted changes incidence of endotracheal ventilation (proportions) during hospital… compared with standard fluid management (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Restricted vs standard fluid management

Incidence of noninvasive (nasal CPAP or nasal ventilation) respiratory support during hospital stay · late preterm and full‐term infants with transient tachypnea of the newborn

It is very uncertain whether restricted changes incidence of noninvasive (nasal CPAP or nasal ventilation)… compared with standard fluid management (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) vs surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT)

Death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) probably leads to lower death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks' postmenstrual… compared with surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) vs surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT)

Need for intubation within the first 72 hours · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) probably leads to lower need for intubation within the first 72 hours compared with surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) vs surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT)

Air leak requiring drainage · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) showed no clear difference in air leak requiring drainage compared with surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) vs surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT)

Severe intraventricular haemorrhage · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) may leads to lower severe intraventricular haemorrhage (grade III or IV) compared with surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) vs surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT)

Death during first hospitalisation (all causes) · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) may leads to lower death during first hospitalisation (all causes) compared with surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) vs surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT)

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) probably leads to lower bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) among survivors at 36 weeks'… compared with surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) vs surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT)

Death or survival with neurosensory disability ‐ not reported · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Salbutamol vs placebo/no treatment

Need for continuous positive airway pressure (yes/no) · patients with the management of transient tachypnea of the newborn

It is very uncertain whether salbutamol changes need for continuous positive airway pressure (yes/no) compared with placebo/no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Salbutamol vs placebo/no treatment

Need for mechanical ventilation · patients with the management of transient tachypnea of the newborn

It is very uncertain whether salbutamol changes need for mechanical ventilation (yes/no) compared with placebo/no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review