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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,323 questions · 5,762 findings · 263 reviews · Dental caries

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No studies found 321 · 5.6%GRADE not reported 4,450 · 77.2%Very low 455 · 7.9%Low 297 · 5.2%Moderate 200 · 3.5%High 39 · 0.7%

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CC genotype vs CA+AA genotypes

Dental caries · Children (<18 years) with vs without dental caries

ApaI(rs7975232) recessive model: CC vs CA+AA was not significantly associated with dental caries (OR 0.87); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Slum / urban-disadvantaged setting vs Non-slum urban setting

Determinants of oral diseases · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs

Older age, lower education and income, poor oral hygiene, and disadvantaged residential setting were associated with oral diseases; directions varied across studies.

1 finding from 1 review

Breastfeeding <24 months vs Breastfeeding for ≥24 months

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Preschool children (<6 years)

After excluding Peres et al. (2017), breastfeeding for less than 24 months was associated with fewer caries (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.62; I²=6%).

2 findings from 1 review

Fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances (exposure) vs None (single-group prevalence/incidence estimate)

Incidence of new ICLs (proportion of tooth surfaces developing new lesions) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances, followed for development of new ICLs

About 15% of tooth surfaces developed new ICLs during fixed orthodontic treatment (pooled 0.15, 95% CI 0.08-0.26; very low certainty; extreme heterogeneity).

1 finding from 1 review

Breastfeeding vs No breastfeeding

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Preschool children (<6 years)

After excluding five studies, breastfeeding was associated with lower ECC risk in cohort studies (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.95; I²=0%).

3 findings from 1 review

Slum residence vs Non-slum urban setting

Dental caries · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs

Slum residents had non-significantly higher odds of caries than non-slum residents (OR 1.21, 95% CI 0.94-1.56; single study); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Adhesive precoated (APC) flash-free brackets (minimal excess adhesive) vs Conventional ceramic brackets

Enamel demineralization (DIAGNOdent score) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

Adhesive precoated flash-free brackets showed no demineralization difference, with certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Xylitol (low-intensity sweetener/sugar alcohol) in food products (chewing gum, milk, candy, or tablets) vs Sorbitol (low-intensity sweetener)

Change in Mutans streptococci (MS) count in saliva · healthy people

Xylitol and sorbitol did not differ significantly for Mutans streptococci in saliva (SMD -0.16, 95% CI -0.44 to 0.12; 2 trials, P=.25); not GRADE-rated.

1 finding from 1 review

T allele vs G allele

Dental caries · Children (<18 years) with vs without dental caries

TaqI/BglI(rs739837) allelic model: T vs G was not significantly associated with dental caries (OR 1.00); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

T allele vs C allele

Dental caries · Children (<18 years) with vs without dental caries

In the Permanent dentition subgroup, TaqI(rs731236) allelic model: T vs C showed no significant association with caries (OR 0.90); ungraded.

8 findings from 1 review
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Not applicable (single-group prevalence) vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Regular toothbrushing usage (prevalence) · Children (<18 years) with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in India

About 91% of children with IDD in India use a toothbrush regularly (pooled prevalence 0.91, 95% CI 0.80-0.96; high heterogeneity; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Transbond XT with 1% chitosan and 1% TiO2 nanoparticles vs Conventional/control orthodontic adhesive (e.g., Transbond XT) or negative control

Streptococcus mutans count · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

Chitosan and TiO2 adhesive reduced S. mutans counts, with certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Used fluoride mouth rinse vs No fluoride mouth rinse

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

Used fluoride mouth rinse showed no clear difference in fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with no fluoride mouth rinse; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) with glass ionomer cement (GIC) or glass ionomer material

Adverse effects · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions)
1 finding from 1 review