What do systematic reviews say?

Nebulized budesonide vs viscous budesonide

• Medical treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 25 participants
  Very low

Infliximab 5 mg/kg and purine analogues vs purine analogues

Infliximab 5 mg/kg and purine analogues showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events at week 26 compared with purine analogues alone (low certainty).

• Infliximab for medical induction of remission in Crohn's disease 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.87 [0.63, 1.21]
  4 studies · 603 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: leflunomide + methotrexate vs methotrexate

• Leflunomide for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis 2002 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 263 participants
  Moderate

Leukotriene receptor antagonist vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether leukotriene receptor antagonist changes withdrawals due to adverse events at 26 weeks compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Medical treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.1 [0.21, 21.39]
  1 study · 41 participants
  Very low

Six‐food elimination diet vs swallowed fluticasone compared to swallowed budesonide compared to oral viscous budesonide

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Medical treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

One‐food elimination diet vs four‐food elimination diet

It is very uncertain whether one‐food elimination diet changes withdrawals due to adverse events at 12 weeks compared with four‐food elimination diet (very low certainty).

• Medical treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.11, 0.98]
  1 study · 63 participants
  Very low

Viaskin milk patch vs placebo

Viaskin milk patch showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events at 44 weeks compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Medical treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.12 [0.05, 23.99]
  1 study · 20 participants
  Low

Tofacitinib vs placebo

Tofacitinib probably leads to lower withdrawals due to adverse events (5 mg/10 mg) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Oral Janus kinase inhibitors for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.5 [0.33, 0.77]
  1 study · 592 participants
  Moderate

Massage + phonophoresis vs phonophoresis alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Deep transverse friction massage for treating lateral elbow or lateral knee tendinitis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Massage + ultrasound and placebo ointment vs ultrasound + placebo ointment only

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Deep transverse friction massage for treating lateral elbow or lateral knee tendinitis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Mirtazapine vs placebo

Mirtazapine showed no clear difference in tolerability: withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Mirtazapine for fibromyalgia in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RD 0.01
  3 studies · 606 participants
  Low

Botulinum neurotoxin B vs placebo

Botulinum neurotoxin B showed no clear difference in proportion of withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Botulinum toxin type B for cervical dystonia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.88 [0.19, 4.06]
  4 studies · 440 participants
  Low

Evening vs morning dosing regimen

It is very uncertain whether evening changes withdrawals from treatment due to adverse events compared with morning dosing regimen (very low certainty).

• Evening versus morning dosing regimen drug therapy for hypertension 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.76 [0.47, 1.23]
  7 studies · 1777 participants
  Very low

Corticosteroids vs placebo

Corticosteroids may leads to lower withdrawals due to adverse events 12 to 50 weeks compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Medical treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.37 [0.16, 0.87]
  3 studies · 280 participants
  Low

Biologics vs placebo

Biologics showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events 12 to 44 weeks compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Medical treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.55 [0.88, 2.74]
  8 studies · 792 participants
  Low

Topical clonidine (TC) vs active comparators

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Topical clonidine for neuropathic pain in adults 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Topical clonidine (TC) vs placebo

Topical clonidine (TC) showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events during longest compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Topical clonidine for neuropathic pain in adults 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.34 [0.04, 3.18]
  1 study · 179 participants
  Low

Uric acid lowering therapies (UAR) vs placebo

Uric acid‐lowering drug showed no clear difference in adverse events (withdrawals due to side effects) compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Pharmacotherapy for hyperuricaemia in hypertensive patients 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.86 [0.43, 8.1]
  3 studies · 241 participants
  Low

Anti‐TNF disease activity–guided dose tapering vs anti‐TNF continuation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Down‐titration and discontinuation strategies of tumour necrosis factor–blocking agents for rheumatoid arthritis in… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Botulinum toxin for shoulder pain 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found