What do systematic reviews say?

Psychological interventions vs usual care, no intervention, or treatment with no psychological component

• Psychological interventions for asthma in children and adolescents 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 653 participants
  Very low

Methylxanthine derivatives vs inactive control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological treatment for central sleep apnoea in adults 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors vs inactive control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological treatment for central sleep apnoea in adults 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Adaptive servo ventilation (ASV) vs continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

• Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation for central sleep apnoea in adults 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Adaptive servo ventilation (ASV) vs bilevel ventilation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation for central sleep apnoea in adults 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found
• Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation for central sleep apnoea in adults 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) plus best supportive care vs best supportive care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation for central sleep apnoea in adults 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ immunostimulant vs placebo

• Immunostimulants versus placebo for preventing exacerbations in adults with chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 617 participants
  Very low

Remote monitoring vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Individual level interventions vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Individual‐level interventions to reduce personal exposure to outdoor air pollution and their effects on people with… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Sublingual immunotherapy vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Sublingual immunotherapy for asthma 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

PPI plus usual care vs usual care alone or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Proton pump inhibitors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Bi‐PAP vs fixed CPAP

• Pressure modification or humidification for improving usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines in adults… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 151 participants
  Low

CPAP with expiratory pressure relief vs fixed CPAP

• Pressure modification or humidification for improving usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines in adults… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 74 participants
  Low

Heated humidification + fixed CPAP vs fixed CPAP

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pressure modification or humidification for improving usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines in adults… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Auto‐CPAP vs fixed CPAP

• Pressure modification or humidification for improving usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines in adults… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 352 participants
  Low

Statins vs placebo

Statins led to lower quality of life compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

• Statins versus placebo for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 3 participants
  GRADE not reported

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 52 participants
  Low

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 238 participants
  Moderate