Non-Cochrane · intervention · PM42740579
Radiographic assessment and orthodontic intervention effects on orthodontically induced root resorption: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.
Alqahtani Khalid Ayidh, Alqahtani Hamod, Alqahtani Abdullah Saad, et al. · Acta odontologica Scandinavica · 2026 · PubMed · doi:10.2340/aos.v85.46818
Findings
Population People undergoing orthodontic treatment
7 findings
| Orthodontic interventions, varying across studies | Within-study orthodontic comparators, varying across studies | Orthodontically induced root resorption Nonintrusive mechanics, post hoc | R -0.03 [-0.16, 0.10] GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| Orthodontic interventions, varying across studies | Within-study orthodontic comparators, varying across studies | Orthodontically induced root resorption 2D imaging | R 0.22 [-1.88, 2.31] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Orthodontic interventions, varying across studies | Within-study orthodontic comparators, varying across studies | Orthodontically induced root resorption Combined force-mechanics subgroup model, post hoc | R 0.19 [-0.32, 0.70] GRADE not reported 8 studies |
| Orthodontic interventions, varying across studies | Within-study orthodontic comparators, varying across studies | Orthodontically induced root resorption Combined radiographic subgroup model | R 0.07 [-0.13, 0.27] GRADE not reported 8 studies |
| Orthodontic interventions, varying across studies | Within-study orthodontic comparators, varying across studies | Orthodontically induced root resorption Intrusive mechanics, post hoc | R 0.40 [0.15, 0.65] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Orthodontic interventions, varying across studies | Within-study orthodontic comparators, varying across studies | Orthodontically induced root resorption 3D/CBCT imaging | R 0.02 [-0.23, 0.27] GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| Orthodontic interventions, varying across studies | Within-study orthodontic comparators, varying across studies | Orthodontically induced root resorption Primary random-effects meta-analysis | R 0.07 [-0.12, 0.27] GRADE not reported 8 studies |
Included primary studies 8
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DiBiase 2016 Effect of supplemental vibrational force on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption: A multicenter randomized clinical trial DOI:10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.06.025 | 2016 | 1 other review | Orthodontically induced root resorption | not extracted yet |
| Raza 2016 Effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on orthodontically induced root resorption caused by torque: A prospective, double-blind,… DOI:10.2319/081915-554.1 | 2016 | 1 other review | Orthodontically induced root resorption | not extracted yet |
| Alzahawi 2014 Root resorption after leveling with super-elastic and conventional steel arch wires: a prospective study DOI:10.1186/s40510-014-0035-z | 2014 | this review only | Orthodontically induced root resorption | not extracted yet |
| de Almeida 2018 A comparative study of the effect of the intrusion arch and straight wire mechanics on incisor root resorption: A randomized, controlled… DOI:10.2319/06417-424r | 2018 | this review only | Orthodontically induced root resorption | not extracted yet |
| Karadeniz 2013 Effect of fluoride on root resorption following heavy and light orthodontic force application for 4 weeks and 12 weeks of retention DOI:10.2319/072512-606.1 | 2013 | this review only | Orthodontically induced root resorption | not extracted yet |
| Mordente 2024 The effect of micro-osteoperforations on the rate of maxillary incisors' retraction in orthodontic space closure: a randomized controlled… DOI:10.1186/s40510-023-00505-z | 2024 | this review only | Orthodontically induced root resorption | not extracted yet |
| Phermsang-Ngarm 2018 Tooth and bone changes after initial anterior dental alignment using preformed vs customized nickel titanium archwires in adults: A… DOI:10.2319/090317-589.1 | 2018 | this review only | Orthodontically induced root resorption | not extracted yet |
| Shaadouh 2025 Effect of Low‐Intensity Electrical Stimulation on External Apical Root Resorption and Periodontal Indices Following En‐Masse Retraction of… DOI:10.1002/cre2.70188 | 2025 | this review only | Orthodontically induced root resorption | not extracted yet |
Overlap with other reviews
Reviews that include the same primary studies are not independent evidence. Shared counts match studies by PMID, DOI or NCT, and otherwise by author and year (a probable match). Only the non-Cochrane dental reviews have study lists, so overlap with Cochrane reviews is not counted yet.
| Review | Shared studies | Jaccard |
|---|---|---|
| The effect of non-invasive physical interventions for accelerating tooth movement on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption:… (2026) | 2 | 0.08 |
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Human subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment | 343 orthodontic patients in 8 studies |
| Intervention | Radiographic assessment of root resorption (2D or 3D); orthodontic intervention contrasts | Archwire type, force level, intrusion arch, vibration, LIPUS, micro-osteoperforations, electrical stimulation (n=8) |
| Comparison | Within-study intervention versus comparator; 2D versus 3D/CBCT; intrusive versus nonintrusive mechanics | Conventional or sham or no adjunct, light force, straight wire (n=8) |
| Outcomes | Quantification of orthodontically induced root resorption (linear mm or volumetric mm3) | OIRR as correlation coefficient r (n=8) |
| Study designs | RCTs and prospective studies, English, January 2010 to October 2025 | 7 RCTs and 1 prospective study (n=8) |
| Timing | Not specified | Not specified |
AMSTAR 2 items
Two independent extractors rated each item. Their ratings are shown side by side because they have not been reconciled yet. The overall rating follows Shea et al. 2017: one critical flaw gives Low, more than one gives Critically Low.
| Item | Extractor A | Extractor B | Agree |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1Research question includes PICO components | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 2Protocol established before the reviewcritical | Partial Yes | Partial Yes | yes |
| 3Choice of study designs explained | No | No | yes |
| 4Comprehensive literature searchcritical | Partial Yes | Partial Yes | yes |
| 5Study selection in duplicate | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 6Data extraction in duplicate | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 7List of excluded studies with reasonscritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 8Included studies described in detail | Partial Yes | Partial Yes | yes |
| 9Risk of bias assessed satisfactorilycritical | RCT: Yes · NRSI: Yes | NRSI: Yes · RCT: Yes | no |
| 10Funding of included studies reported | No | No | yes |
| 11Appropriate meta-analysis methodscritical | RCT: No · NRSI: No | NRSI: No · RCT: No | no |
| 12Impact of risk of bias on the pooled results | No | No | yes |
| 13Risk of bias accounted for in interpretationcritical | No | Yes | no |
| 14Heterogeneity explained | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 15Publication bias investigatedcritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 16Conflicts of interest reported | Yes | Yes | yes |
| Overall | Critically Low | Low | no |