Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

271 questions · 287 findings · 26 reviews · Colorectal

No studies found 22 · 7.7%GRADE not reported 7 · 2.4%Very low 83 · 28.9%Low 115 · 40.1%Moderate 49 · 17.1%High 11 · 3.8%

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Wound infection · lower gastrointestinal surgery

It is very uncertain whether early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… changes wound infection compared with later commencement (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Intraabdominal abscess · lower gastrointestinal surgery

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in intraabdominal abscess compared with later commencement (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Anastomotic leakage/dehiscence · lower gastrointestinal surgery

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in anastomotic leakage/dehiscence compared with later commencement (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Pneumonia · lower gastrointestinal surgery

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in pneumonia (within hospital stay) compared with later commencement (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

All‐cause mortality · lower gastrointestinal surgery

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in mortality compared with later commencement (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Vomiting · lower gastrointestinal surgery

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in vomiting compared with later commencement (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Nausea · lower gastrointestinal surgery

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in nausea compared with later commencement (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Nausea and vomiting · lower gastrointestinal surgery

It is very uncertain whether early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… changes nausea and vomiting compared with later commencement (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery vs any Medical Therapy

NON ‐ Healing (persistence or recurrence) · people with anal fissures

Any Surgery leads to lower NON ‐ Healing (persistence or recurrence) compared with any Medical Therapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prehabilitation vs no prehabilitation

Functional capacity · Patients with outcomes after colorectal cancer surgery
3 findings from 1 review

Preoperative radiotherapy vs surgery

Postoperative morbidity ‐ sepsis (within 30 days after surgery) · People with localised rectal carcinoma

Preoperative radiotherapy may leads to higher postoperative morbidity ‐ sepsis (within 30 days after surgery) compared with surgery alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative radiotherapy vs surgery

Postoperative morbidity ‐ surgical complications (within 30 days after surgery) · People with localised rectal carcinoma

Preoperative radiotherapy may leads to higher postoperative morbidity ‐ surgical complications (within 30 days… compared with surgery alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Secondary ‐ Long‐term emergency surgery during · Patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Primary ‐ Short‐term emergency surgery within 30 days · Patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Secondary ‐ Long‐term emergency surgery during · Patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Primary ‐ Short‐term emergency surgery within 30 days · Patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis

The intervention showed no clear difference in primary ‐ Short‐term emergency surgery within 30 days (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Secondary ‐ Long‐term emergency surgery during · Patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis

The intervention showed no clear difference in secondary ‐ Long‐term emergency surgery during (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Primary ‐ Short‐term emergency surgery within 30 days · Patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis

The intervention showed no clear difference in primary ‐ Short‐term emergency surgery within 30 days (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review