Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

34 questions · 35 findings · 7 reviews · Anaesthesia

No studies found 2 · 5.7%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 3 · 8.6%Low 23 · 65.7%Moderate 2 · 5.7%High 5 · 14.3%

Propofol vs sevoflurane

Adverse event ‐ haemodynamic changes, number of events · patients with rapid emergence from anaesthesia after undergoing brain tumour surgery

Propofol may leads to higher adverse event ‐ haemodynamic changes, number of events compared with sevoflurane (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Propofol vs sevoflurane

Adverse event ‐ pain, visual analogue scale · patients with rapid emergence from anaesthesia after undergoing brain tumour surgery

Propofol showed no clear difference in adverse event ‐ pain, visual analogue scale compared with sevoflurane (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Maintenance anaesthesia: inhalational vs intravenous

Nausea and vomiting ‐ subgroup analysis: thiopentone or halothane + N2O versus propofol or propofol + N2O · paediatric

Maintenance anaesthesia: inhalational may leads to higher nausea and vomiting ‐ subgroup analysis: thiopentone or halothane +… compared with intravenous (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intervention not reported

High‐intensity pain with lidocaine admixture Pain scales · Adult participants receiving propofol for induction of anaesthesia

The intervention leads to lower high‐intensity pain with lidocaine admixture Pain scales (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

High‐intensity pain with lidocaine pretreatment Pain scales · Adult participants receiving propofol for induction of anaesthesia

The intervention leads to lower high‐intensity pain with lidocaine pretreatment Pain scales (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Incidence of pain with lidocaine admixture Pain scales · Adult participants receiving propofol for induction of anaesthesia

The intervention leads to lower incidence of pain with lidocaine admixture Pain scales (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Incidence of pain with lidocaine pretreatment Pain scales · Adult participants receiving propofol for induction of anaesthesia

The intervention leads to lower incidence of pain with lidocaine pretreatment Pain scales (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bispectral index vs clinical signs

Occurrence of intraoperative awareness Time points of measure after surgery: 2 to 6 hours;12 hours; 1 day; 2 days; 3 days; 14 days; 30 days; or time point was not reported Measurement tools: simple questioning; interviews; or structured questionna... · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia

Bispectral index may leads to lower occurrence of intraoperative awareness Time points of measure after… compared with clinical signs (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review