Outcomes* · adults and children with chronic asthma
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Treatment failure ‐ need for systemic corticosteroids (ITT) · adults and children with chronic asthma
Increased showed no clear difference in treatment failure: need for systemic corticosteroids (ITT) compared with stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Treatment failure ‐ need for systemic corticosteroids (of those starting inhaler) · adults and children with chronic asthma
It is very uncertain whether increased changes treatment failure: need for systemic corticosteroids (of those… compared with stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Unscheduled physician visits 44 weeks · adults and children with chronic asthma
Increased showed no clear difference in unscheduled physician visits 44 weeks compared with stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Unscheduled acute care, ED visit, or hospital admission 47 weeks · adults and children with chronic asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events 48 weeks · adults and children with chronic asthma
It is very uncertain whether increased changes serious adverse events 48 weeks compared with stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Non‐serious adverse events 43 weeks · adults and children with chronic asthma
It is very uncertain whether increased changes non‐serious adverse events 43 weeks compared with stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of exacerbation ‐ time to symptom recovery and lung function recovery 52 weeks · adults and children with chronic asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Stone recurrence (assessed as symptomatic renal colic/stone expulsion episodes and imaging) · participants with a prior history of nephrolithiasis
Increased water intake may leads to lower stone recurrence (assessed as symptomatic renal colic/stone… compared with standard water intake (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Time to recurrence · participants with a prior history of nephrolithiasis
Increased water intake may leads to lower time to recurrence (absolute event rate based on 5‐year compared with standard water intake (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · participants with a prior history of nephrolithiasis
1 finding from 1 review
Relapse · patients with schizophrenia
INTERMITTENT (GRADUALLY INCREASED DRUG‐FREE PERIODS) may leads to higher relapse: long term (+ 26 weeks) as defined in each study compared with MAINTENANCE THERAPY (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hospital admissions · patients with schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review
Global state: average score: long term (+ 26 weeks) Global Assessment Scale (GAS). Scale from: 0 to 100. · patients with schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review
Mental state · patients with schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: tardive dyskinesia: long term (+ 26 weeks) as defined in each study · patients with schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review
Cost‐effectiveness · patients with schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review
Leaving the study early/ loss to · patients with schizophrenia
It is very uncertain whether INTERMITTENT (GRADUALLY INCREASED DRUG‐FREE PERIODS) changes leaving the study early/ loss to compared with MAINTENANCE THERAPY (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Oral microbiota composition (dysbiosis; increased periodontal/opportunistic pathogens) · Adult e-cigarette (ENDS) users (general oral health; predominantly natural dentition)
E-cigarette use is associated with oral microbiota dysbiosis and increased pathogenic bacteria compared with non-smokers (narrative synthesis; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Increased salivary IgA · children aged 6‐12 years
Postbiotics increase salivary IgA (immune modulation) in human trials (ungraded narrative synthesis).
1 finding from 1 review