Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (untreated PFPS of over 2 months in duration)
It is very uncertain whether high‐intensity changes usual pain (short‐term) VAS (0 to 10; higher scores mean worse pain) compared with low‐intensity exercise programmes (very low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Functional ability · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (untreated PFPS of over 2 months in duration)
It is very uncertain whether high‐intensity changes functional ability (short‐term) FIQ modified (0 to 16; higher scores… compared with low‐intensity exercise programmes (very low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Pain during activity (short‐term) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (untreated PFPS of over 2 months in duration)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Pain during activity (long‐term) VAS (0 to 10; higher scores mean worse pain) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (untreated PFPS of over 2 months in duration)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Recovery (long‐term) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (untreated PFPS of over 2 months in duration)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Kujala patellofemoral disorders score Scale from: 0 to 100 (higher scores = better function) · people with lateral patellar dislocation
It is very uncertain whether surgical changes knee and physical functiona Measured using the Kujala patellofemoral… compared with non‐surgical treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
QoL · acute fractures in adults; included studies assessed effects in complete upper limb fractures (distal radius, clavicle, scaphoid,…
1 finding from 1 review
Pain (medium term): using VAS (range 0 to 10); higher values indicate worse pain · adolescents and adults with acute fractures in tibia and femur
1 finding from 1 review
Pain (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · acute fractures in adults; included studies assessed effects in complete upper limb fractures (distal radius, clavicle, scaphoid,…
1 finding from 1 review
Function in the long term Measured using AOFAS score (0 to 100, higher scores indicate improved function) · people aged over 14 years with displaced intra‐articular calcaneal fractures
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of Life: SF‐36 (physical component) · people aged over 14 years with displaced intra‐articular calcaneal fractures
1 finding from 1 review
Health‐related quality of life ‐ all trials Higher scores indicate improved health‐related quality of life · Older people living in the community
Assistive technology for vision improvement interventions showed no clear difference in health‐related quality of life 1 trial of single‐lens glasses… compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
QoL · older people living in the community (included trials conducting pre‐ and/or post‐hospital discharge home visits focusing on fall…
Home fall‐hazard reduction showed no clear difference in health‐related quality of life SMD was calculated from 4 studies… compared with control (e.g. usual care) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Activities of daily living · older adults (> 60 years of age) with extracapsular hip fractures
1 finding from 1 review
Functional status, early (within 4 months): using HHS (range from 0 to 100) and Johansen hip score (range from 0 to 100); higher scores indicate better function · older adults (> 60 years of age) with extracapsular hip fractures
Cephalomedullary nails showed no clear difference in functional status, early (≤ 4 months): using Zűckerman functional… compared with extramedullary implants (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Functional outcomes · (mainly older) adults with most types of displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (10 trials)
Surgical showed no clear difference in functional scoresf(higher = better outcome) compared with non‐surgical treatment (high certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
SMD 0.06
5 studies · 423 participants
High
SMD 0.1
7 studies · 552 participants
High
SMD 0.17
3 studies · 347 participants
Moderate
Self‐reported shoulder function · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
Locking plate showed no clear difference in self‐reported shoulder function: functional scoresb(higher = better… compared with locking intramedullary nail (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Self‐reported shoulder function · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
2 findings from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Mobilityd ‐ overall analysis Using different mobility scales: MILA (range 0 to 36), EMS (range 0 to 20), BBS (range 0 to 56), PPME (range 0 to 12), Koval (range 1 to 7). Higher values indicate better mobility (except MILA and Koval, where scale wa... · adults following hip fracture surgery
The intervention may leads to higher mobilityd ‐ overall analysis Using different mobility scales: MILA… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Mobility scales, using EMS (range 0 to 20). Higher values indicate better mobility · adults following hip fracture surgery
The intervention showed no clear difference in mobility scales, using EMS (range 0 to 20). Higher values indicate… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review