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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

11 questions · 13 findings · 3 reviews

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Fluoride varnish vs No fluoride treatment

Dimensional change (size) of early enamel caries lesions · Patients (mainly children) with white spot lesions (WSL)

In one trial, professionally applied sodium fluoride varnish significantly reduced the size of early enamel caries lesions compared with no fluoride treatment; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

6% sodium fluoride with 6% calcium fluoride varnish vs no treatment

Remineralisation of early enamel caries · Children with early enamel caries (permanent dentition)

One trial found 6% sodium fluoride plus 6% calcium fluoride varnish significantly reversed early enamel caries versus no treatment; ungraded and not meta-analysed.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish vs Untreated lesions (single-arm before vs after proportion)

Remineralisation of early enamel caries · Patients (mainly children) with white spot lesions (WSL)

Professionally applied 5% sodium fluoride varnish remineralised about two-thirds of early enamel caries lesions in children (pooled proportion 63.6%, 95% CI 36.0% to 91.2%; 4 studies); certainty was not GRADE-rated and heterogeneity was very high (I2=96%).

1 finding from 1 review

1.23% APF gel vs Not specified

Remineralisation of early enamel caries · Children with early (incipient) enamel caries

One trial found acidulated phosphate fluoride gel did not remineralise early enamel caries; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride gel (topically applied; operator- or self-applied; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs Not specified

Remineralisation of early enamel caries · Children with early (incipient) enamel caries

One trial found sodium fluoride gel significantly remineralised early enamel caries; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

10% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Glass ionomer restoration and tooth-brushing

Remineralisation of early enamel caries · Children with early enamel caries in erupting permanent first molars

One pilot study found 10% silver diamine fluoride worked about as well as glass ionomer restoration and tooth-brushing for remineralising early enamel caries; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Metal-free single crowns (full-contour zirconia) vs Composite strip crown

Treatment failure (annual failure rate) · Children (aged 3-5.5 years) with early childhood caries in anterior primary teeth (>=2 carious surfaces), no pulp therapy

Zirconia crowns failed less than composite strip crowns (3.3% vs 15% annual failure) in one RCT; low quality of evidence (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

CPP-ACP vs No active treatment (control)

Enamel surface microhardness · Extracted human teeth with early/artificial enamel lesions (in vitro)

In vitro, CPP-ACP increased Vickers microhardness versus control (SMD 1.19, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.66; ungraded).

3 findings from 1 review

CPP-ACP vs No active treatment (control)

Average enamel surface roughness · Extracted human teeth with early/artificial enamel lesions (in vitro)

In vitro, CPP-ACP markedly reduced enamel surface roughness versus control (SMD -8.21, 95% CI -10.37 to -6.04; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

0.9% silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4) vs Not specified

Remineralisation of white spot lesions · Patients (mainly children) with white spot lesions (WSL)

One trial found professionally applied silicon tetrafluoride did not remineralise white spot lesions; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review