Change in height-for-age z score · Children aged ≤6 years (early childhood)
The association between baseline caries and declining height-for-age persisted after adjustment (coefficient -0.02); ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Stunting · Children aged ≤6 years (early childhood)
One Nepalese cross-sectional study found caries severity significantly correlated with chronic malnutrition/stunting (HAZ; p<0.0001), especially in rural children; ungraded, no effect size reported.
3 findings from 1 review
Risk of malnutrition (younger children, 6 months to 6 years) · Children aged ≤6 years (early childhood)
One Nepalese cross-sectional study found no significant association between severe ECC and malnutrition risk in children under 6 (mean difference 0.13, p=0.609); ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Relative abundance of Veillonella spp. · Children under 6 years with severe early childhood caries and caries-free controls
Veillonella spp. mean relative abundance was lower in the S-ECC group; no comparative effect estimate or CI was reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Relative abundance of S. mutans in saliva · Children under 6 years with severe early childhood caries and caries-free controls
S. mutans median relative abundance was higher in the S-ECC group, without a comparative effect estimate or CI.
1 finding from 1 review
Streptococcus relative abundance · Children under 6 years with severe early childhood caries and caries-free controls
Streptococcus mean relative abundance was slightly higher in the S-ECC group; no comparative effect estimate or CI was reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Veillonella spp. and Streptococcus mutans interaction · Children under 6 years with severe early childhood caries and caries-free controls
The study reported a possible role for Veillonella spp. in supporting cariogenic species, without a quantitative effect estimate.
1 finding from 1 review
Veillonella spp. may promote proliferation or survival of cariogenic species, as shown for interactions between Veillonella spp. and S. mutans.
1 study · 82 participants
GRADE not reported
Veillonella dispar relative abundance · Children under 6 years with severe early childhood caries and caries-free controls
Veillonella dispar median relative abundance was higher in the S-ECC group, without a comparative effect estimate or CI.
1 finding from 1 review
Relative abundance of S. mutans in saliva · Individuals assessed for dental caries, predominantly children with early childhood caries (ECC) or severe ECC (age about 1 to 4 years)
A few small studies report Streptococcus mutans relative abundance in caries versus caries-free children without pooling; the evidence is ungraded and not meta-analyzed.
1 finding from 1 review
Relative abundance of Veillonella spp. · Individuals assessed for dental caries, predominantly children with early childhood caries (ECC) or severe ECC (age about 1 to 4 years)
Evidence on whether Veillonella spp. relative abundance is higher or lower in children with dental caries than caries-free controls is inconsistent across 7 small observational studies; no pooled estimate was produced and the evidence is ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level · Preschool children ≤6 years, Asia
In Asia, children with S-ECC had lower serum 25(OH)D than caries-free children (WMD -19.25 nmol/l; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level · Preschool children ≤6 years, North America
In North America, children with S-ECC had lower serum 25(OH)D than caries-free children (WMD -13.28 nmol/l; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level · Children aged 6 years or younger (preschool children)
Children with severe ECC had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D than caries-free children (WMD -18.64 nmol/l; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Severe early childhood caries · Children aged 5-6 years in Ajman schools
High snack consumption was associated with higher odds of severe early childhood caries.
1 finding from 1 review
Severe early childhood caries · Children aged 5-6 years in Ajman schools
Low family income was associated with higher odds of severe early childhood caries.
1 finding from 1 review
Severe early childhood caries · Children aged 5-6 years in Ajman schools
A problem-driven dental visit was associated with higher odds of severe early childhood caries.
1 finding from 1 review
Severe intraventricular haemorrhage · babies born preterm, and their mothers
DCC with immediate neonatal care with cord intact showed no clear difference in severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH grades 3, 4) compared with ECC (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Severe intraventricular haemorrhage · babies born preterm, and their mothers
UCM showed no clear difference in severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH grades 3, 4) compared with ECC (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Severe intraventricular haemorrhage · babies born preterm, and their mothers
DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping showed no clear difference in severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH grades 3, 4) compared with ECC (subgroup analysis by gestation) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review